TIPS for English (60): Words (III)

Failure to thrive (FTT) (also known as weight faltering) = a medical (usually in pediatrics) term to indicate insufficient weight gain or inappropriate weight loss. In children, it is usually defined regarding weighing and can be evaluated either by low weight for the child's age or by a low rate of increase in weight (*****).

Domestic (household) appliances = a large piece of electrical equipment used in the home, especially in the kitchen. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Breville.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/%E9%8A%85%E9%91%BC%E7%81%A3%E5%BA%97%E5%B0%8F%E5%AE%B6%E9%9B%BB%E9%83%A8.jpg  and http://www.acappliances.co.za/images/home-domestic-repair.jpg // e.g., We stock a wide range of domestic appliances, including freezers, fridges, and dishwashers(*).

Freezer (My comment: much colder than a fridge!) = (noun) A refrigerated cabinet or room for preserving food at very low temperatures. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/LG_refrigerator_interior.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/1963_Frigidaire_Imperial_refrigerator.jpg   and https://cdn.agamarvel.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/ML24FAS2RS1-Marvel-Undercounter-Freezer-open-full.jpg // e.g., There are some steaks in the freezer./// (as modifier) e.g., The freezer compartment of the refrigerator.

Glow (not to be confused with ‘glue’) = (verb; no object) Give out steady light without flame. For a glowing light See http://fox.graphics/files/large/glowing-light-bulb.jpg and http://images.all-free-download.com/images/graphicthumb/bright_glow_lights_vector_295047.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwrCCc6hWKo For a glowing cigarette tip See https://static1.squarespace.com/static/542ed60ce4b05b8be64f6324/54b07cc4e4b08d0f48c08b7f/54b07cc5e4b055fe6cb8f783/1420852427071/Actor+Cigarette+Tip+Closeup.jpg and https://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/health_tools/quit_smoking_slideshow/getty_rm_photo_of_glowing_tip_of_cigarette.jpg For a glowing fluorescent bulb See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Fluorescent-lamp-electronic-ballast.webm/220px--Fluorescent-lamp-electronic-ballast.webm.jpg and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescent_lamp#/media/File:Germicidal_UV_discharge_tube_glow.jpg and http://cdn.cnsnews.com/images/FLOURESCENT%20BULB-AP%20PHOTO.jpg and http://earth911.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/CFL-glow.jpg // For a light that glows in rhythm See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g3TIVxRdLiA  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-iZGZXLrbg  // e.g., The tips of their cigarettes glowed in the dark.// e.g., The city had already fallen dark and the light glowed in the dirty windows.// e.g.,  It will be able to project a light that glows in rhythm with the heartbeat of the runners./// Have an intense color and a slight shine. For glowing water See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tEtcSwHrkaQ and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5CsoTnyomM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ciPxw9EfvAc // (with complement) e.g., A fluorescent screen glowed a faint green color.// e.g., From delicate primrose yellow in the entrance lobby to changing color washes in bedrooms, the place glows with color.// e.g., As the sun shines in the tall windows, the amber glows in oranges, reds, and dark browns and yellow /// (of a person’s face) Appear pink or red because of warmth, health, embarrassment, etc. For a glowing face skin See http://tipsandbeauty.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Glowing-skin-face-packs-homemade-with-natural-Ingredients.jpg and https://cdn.makeupandbeauty.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/DIY-Homemade-Face-Pack-for-Glowing-Skin.jpg // e.g., She was glowing with health.// e.g., Her face was glowing, more from John’s presence than anything.// e.g., ‘He turned to me and I hung my head in embarrassment, my face glowing.’ /// Convey deep pleasure through one’s expression or bearing (bear = a person's way of standing or moving; pronounced beə(^r)); e.g., Anna always glowed when he praised her.// e.g., They are glowing with a sense of achievement when they leave.// e.g., When he came back into the house he was glowing with good spirits./// (noun) A steady radiance of light or heat; e.g., The setting sun cast (= cause light or shadow to appear on a surface) a deep red glow over the city.// e.g., But some of his fellow passengers looked around nervously under the glow of red cabin lights.// e.g., A glow of brilliant white light bloomed from the tips of his fingers./// A feeling of warmth in the face or body; e.g., He could feel the brandy filling him with a warm glow.// e.g., His mind was still on Linda and his thoughts of her were spreading a warm glow through his body.// e.g., ‘A warm glow spread through me as I thought about him, managing so well in the madhouse.’/// Redness of the cheeks; e.g., Her skin was pale, like a winter cream and she had a pink glow about her cheeks.// e.g., She was very beautiful indeed; a glow in her cheeks as bright as that in the little girl’s.// e.g., She didn’t have to wear blush because her cheeks naturally already had a glow to them../// A strong feeling of pleasure or well-being; e.g., With a glow of pride, Tom walked away.// e.g., ‘Seconds later and I was basking (bask = revel (= enjoy oneself in a lively and noisy way, especially with drinking and dancing) in and make the most of something pleasing) in the drug-induced glow of pure joy.’// e.g., ‘As each task gets done I get a small glow of satisfaction.’

Reciprocate (pronounced rɪˈsɪprəkeɪt) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (verb; with object) Respond to a gesture or action by making a corresponding one; e.g., The favor was reciprocated (My comment: by favor in return)./// (verb; no object) ‘Perhaps I was expected to reciprocate with some remarks of my own.’ // e.g., Those gestures were reciprocated, and negotiations ensued. /// Feel affection or love for someone in the same way that they feel it for oneself; e.g., Her passion for him was not reciprocated.// e.g., We see him through Mary’s eyes, reciprocating her love.// e.g., They make us believe that they reciprocate our loyalty and friendship./// usually as adjective reciprocating = (of a part of a machine) move backward and forwards in a straight line. For a reciprocating saw blade See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4-H4mZQkKA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FPPfglDOoHY and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j5vwRuTjdTU // e.g., A reciprocating blade.// e.g., A steam locomotive, for example, is a machine that converts the reciprocating motion of a piston into the rotation of its driving wheels.

Reciprocal (pronounced rɪˈsɪprək(ə)l) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (adjective) Given, felt, or done in return; e.g. He was hoping for some reciprocal comment or gesture.// e.g., Normally, relationships progress by way of a reasonably paced flow of self-disclosure that is reciprocal in nature.// e.g., A reciprocal visit from the English side is planned for later in the summer../// (of an agreement or obligation) bearing on or binding each of two parties equally; e.g., The treaty is a bilateral commitment to reciprocal rights and duties.// e.g., In other words, States tend to react to the breach of reciprocal obligations by other States.// e.g., It says too little about responsibilities, even though the rights and responsibilities are reciprocal./// (of a course or bearing) differing from a given course or bearing by 180 degrees; e.g., He took up a reciprocal heading and dropped down to 2,000 ft.

Amulet (pronounced ˈamjʊlɪt) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (noun) An ornament or a small piece of jewelry thought to give protection against evil, danger, or disease. For a protection amulet See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Iranian_amulet.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Collection_of_khamsa.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Cheshm-Nazar.JPG  and  https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1565/1123/products/1001_537x537.jpg?v=1491902264 and http://www.crystalinks.com/amulet12around1.jpg and https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/52/130252-004-B624E2A8.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOuR2g64_Ro and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qCLAUutbStU  // e.g., Various Buddhist protection beads and amulets hung from the rearview mirror.// e.g., Taboos are observed, and charms and amulets are used for protection.// e.g., It is common to wear an amulet or a charm as protection against its powers.

Charm = (noun) an object believed to have been magically charmed, such as an amulet (mentioned above) (*****).//// Charm (or incantation, spell, enchantment or bewitchery) = a magical formula intended to trigger a magical effect on a person or objects. The formula can be spoken, sung or chanted. An incantation can also be performed during ceremonial rituals or prayers. In the world of magic, incantations are said to be performed by wizards, witches, and fairies (*****).

Huddle = (verb; no object, with adverbial) Crowd together; nestle closely. The animal huddling that helps them to regulate their temperature is called Kleptothermy. For huddling baby rats See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Neonatal_rats_huddle.jpg  For huddling snakes See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Snuggling_garder_snakes_001.JPG  For (cute) huddling emperor penguins for warmth See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwsle3pxgB8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OL7O5O7U4Gs For baby pigs huddling See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ5M2LD41WA For soldiers huddling up for training See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AD_sxUdTf5s and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrI_L_OKKIk For anarchists huddling up See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6AV6_Dik4KY // e.g., Penguins huddle together for warmth.// e.g., ‘There we stood huddled together amid a jeering (jeer = make rude and mocking remarks, typically in a loud voice) crowd in a remote bus station of London.// e.g., It was easy to detect smokers on the streets of the county’s town and villages with little groups huddled together outside their place of work./// Curl one’s body into a small space e.g., She huddled up close to him.// e.g., ‘I was huddled in a chair in the lounge, cold cups of strong coffee by my feet.’ // e.g., He stayed in his position, huddled up with the blankets instead.// (verb with object and adverbial) (UK English) Heap (= untidy pile (*)) together in a disorderly manner; e.g., A man with his clothes all huddled on anyhow.// e.g., The wind picks up through our circle, huddling our clothes to us./// (verb; no object) (US English) Have a private discussion; confer; e.g.,, The colonel huddled with A.J. at the dining-room table.// e.g., The council huddled around to discuss a solution to the problem.// e.g.,  Various clubs huddled in circles discussing their interests./// (noun) A close grouping of people or things; e.g., A huddle of huts (hut = a small single-story building of simple or crude construction, serving as a poor, rough, or temporary house or shelter).// e.g., There is a smoking ban here now so every pub and restaurant has a little huddle of smokers outside.// e.g., The harbor walk in Watchet has deserted apart from me and a huddle of damp (= slightly wet) pigeons./// A number of people gathered together to speak about private or secret matters; e.g., They stood together in a huddle, whispering to each other.// e.g., A number of Dwarves were gathered together in a tight huddle, whispering furiously.// e.g., Department teams also conduct brief daily huddles to review what did and didn't go well the day before./// A brief gathering of players during a game to receive instructions, especially in American Football. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/The_Minnesota_Vikings_offense_in_a_huddle.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Victory_huddle.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Huddle_%28Baker_at_Ottawa%29_%28cropped%29.JPG  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fwu4mEFeS_Q and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHqLhZ7y5VY   and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RABQY0t1Bqw // e.g., He controls the huddle and the team better than anybody else.// e.g., After being removed from a recent game, Smith refused to join a team huddle.

Confer (pronounced kənˈfɜː(r)) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (verb with object) Grant a title, degree, benefit, or right; e.g., The Minister may have exceeded the powers conferred on him by Parliament.// e.g., It also shows how the district confers benefits on firms in indirect ways.// e.g., ‘Just because you pass a law and confer a benefit doesn’t mean people know it exists.’/// (verb; no object) Have discussions; exchange opinions; e.g., The officials were conferring with allies.// e.g., The two FBI agents then conferred, but only parts of their conversation can be heard.// e.g., He had been talking with some of the other passengers and conferring with them as well.

Brood = (noun) A family of birds or other young animals produced at one hatching (hatch = (of a young bird, fish, or reptile) emerge from its egg) or birth. See http://www.ccbbirds.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/28_Wild-Turkey-Brood-Hatching-on-Piney-Grove-Preserve_Bryan-Watts.jpg.jpg and https://2rx1ps1vvvnd29466f8o9gm1-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Mallard-brood-original_edited.jpg For a kitten brood See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awXuHDagrIM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kEkKWGnawSo // For a brood of chicks See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BiGPlBAGU-I and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXAk4huoobA // e.g., One family had raised a brood of chicks in mid-June, and they had already grown quite a bit by this time// e.g., A total of seven males stayed that long and would have successfully hatched their broods./// (informal) A large family of children; e.g., She was brought up as part of a brood of seven.// e.g., He is one of a brood of eight, the majority of whom were female./// (mass noun) Bee or wasp larvae.//// (verb; no object) Think deeply about something that makes one unhappy, angry, or worried; e.g., He had brooded over the subject a thousand times.// e.g., ‘Well they couldn’t waste any time brooding on this because what if someone saw them?’ // e.g., David pondered (ponder = think about something carefully, especially before making a decision or reaching a conclusion) for a while and brooded over his coffee./// (verb with object) (of a bird) sit on eggs to hatch them; e.g., The male Pheasant-tailed jacana takes over once the eggs are laid and broods them.// e.g., Once the young hatch, the female broods for 8-10 days and the male bring food to both the female and the young /// (of a fish, frog, or invertebrate) hold developing eggs within the body./// (attributive) (of an animal) kept to be used for breeding; e.g., A broodmare. (mare = the female of a horse or other equine animal; pronounced meə(^r)).

Brooding = the incubation of bird eggs by their parents (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Female_wild_Mallard_goes_broody.jpg

Kangaroo court = an unofficial court set up by a group of people, especially in prison, trade union, or other organization, to deal with a disagreement or with a member of the group who is considered to have broken the rules (*); e.g., The President said he prevented the US ambassador to the European Union (EU) from testifying to congressional impeachment (= the act of making a formal statement that a public official might be guilty of a serious offense in connection with his or her job, especially in the US (*)) hearings, calling them a ''kangaroo court''! (from the media).// e.g., Cleveland was not dealt with like that; it has been more like a kangaroo court

Spawn (pronounced spɔːn in British English and spɑːn in North American English) (beware of the pronunciation!) (My comment: globally, most kids know these words with its meaning in computer games!) = (noun) the eggs of fish, frogs, etc. For frogspawn See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Frog_in_frogspawn.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Frogspawn_closeup.jpg For fish      spawn (fish eggs) See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Anemone_Fish_Eggs.jpg // e.g., The fish covers its spawn with gravel (= a loose aggregation of small water-worn or pounded stones)./// The process of producing spawn; e.g., Lax regulations, especially during the spawn, are responsible for the declining populations.//// (derogatory)  (used to express distaste or disgust) The product or offspring of a person or place; e.g., The spawn of chaos: demons and sorcerers.// e.g., The spawn of Satan.// e.g., There was a flash of color in the demon spawn’s cheeks.///  The mycelium (= the vegetative part of a fungus or fungus-like bacterial colony, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae; pronounced mʌɪˈsiːlɪəm (*****)) of a fungus, especially a cultivated mushroom; e.g., They also sell organically certified shiitake mushroom spawn./// (computing) An operating system function that executes a child process (*****).//// (verb) (of a fish, frog, mollusk, crustacean, etc.) release or deposit eggs; e.g., The fish spawn among fine-leaved plants.// e.g., The fish were spawning so the rivers were well stocked.//// Be spawned = (of a fish, frog, etc.) be laid as eggs; e.g., The fish can locate the precise stream in which they were spawned.//// (of a character or object in a video game) appear at a certain point in the game; See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZnZTjJO_sQ  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tt4TXdzWZQA  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4dNA-xViuKs   // e.g., Then they enter the undead land where defenders will spawn to fight against them.// e.g., ‘If you see your team is mounting a heavy assault on an enemy base, spawn as infantry and rush in.’ // e.g., (verb with object) Players can spawn a ghost ship to confuse foes (foe = enemy; pronounced fəʊ).///  (verb with object) (derogatory)  (of a person) produce offspring; e.g., ‘Why had she married a man who could spawn a boy like that?’ // e.g., A human half my age has spawned ten children who all have four or more of their own.//// Produce or generate a large number of; e.g., The decade spawned a bewildering (= confusing and difficult to understand (*)) variety of books on the forces.// e.g., MTV spawned a legion of imitators but today its biggest battle is online.// e.g.,  Despite this, White Teeth has already spawned its own genre.

Catch somebody off guard = (phrase) to surprise someone by doing something that they are not expecting or ready for (*)); e.g., A few hours after being caught off guard by the President’s announcement, a Pentagon spokesman would only say that the military would work closely with the White House to address the new guidance.// e.g., The President’s abrupt policy shift in northern Syria has caught both the Pentagon and the Kurds off guard/ by surprise (from the media).// e.g., The government was caught off guard by the unexpected announcement.

Mare (pronounced: a) Female horse & b) A very unpleasant or frustrating experience: mɛː c) Dark surface plane on the moon: ˈmɑːreɪ) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (noun) a) The female of a horse or other equine (= belonging to the horse family) animal. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lovely_Little_Girl.jpg/220px-Lovely_Little_Girl.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Horses.london.750pix.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Zenyatta2009LadySecret.jpg  // e.g., Most adults live in social groups, either of stallions (stallion = an uncastrated adult male horse), of mares with their dependent foals  (foal = a young horse or related animal), or in mixed-sex groups./// (UK English) (informal, derogatory) A woman; e.g., That crazy mare put three bullets in him./// b) (pronounced mɛ) (plural maria) (informal) (UK English) A very unpleasant or frustrating experience; e.g., This week is going to be a bit of a mare but at least the end is in sight.// e.g., Coming back from Middlesbrough last night was an utter (= complete; absolute) mare.// e.g., Last night was a bit of a mare though./// (especially in sport) a very poor performance; e.g., He had an absolute mare down the right-hand side./// e.g., Darren Davies had the proverbial mare and finished last. //// c) (pronounced ˈmɑːreɪ) (Astronomy) a large, level basalt plain on the surface of the moon, appearing dark by contrast with highland areas. For lunar (= of, determined by, relating to, or resembling the moon) mares See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Moon_names.svg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Clementine_albedo_simp750.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg  and https://c1.staticflickr.com/8/7197/6822818360_89d11849f4_b.jpg /// (in names) e.g., Mare Imbrium.

Basalt (pronounced ˈbæs.ɒlt) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (noun) a dark, fine-grained volcanic rock that sometimes displays a columnar structure. It is typically composed largely of plagioclase with pyroxene and olivine. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BasaltUSGOV.jpg/220px-BasaltUSGOV.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/VessicularBasalt1.JPG

Horseback = (adjective & adverb) a) (as an adjective) Mounted (mount = get up on an animal or bicycle in order to ride it) on a horse. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Horse_riding_in_coca_cola_arena_-_melbourne_show_2005.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/PoloGirlsHorses.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Horse_riding_in_coca_cola_arena_-_melbourne_show_2005.jpg/1200px-Horse_riding_in_coca_cola_arena_-_melbourne_show_2005.jpg // e.g., A horseback parade./// b) (as an adverb) e.g., They rode horseback along the trail (= a beaten path through rough country such as a forest or moor)./// On horseback = (phrase) Mounted on a horse. For a woman visiting McDonald's on horseback See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcPhSLfg0vc For a woman visiting Starbucks on horseback See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qa46VRrzoV4 // e.g., A lady on horseback rode up to the house.

Vedette (vidette in North American English) (pronounced vɪˈdɛt) (beware of the pronunciation!) (historical) A mounted sentry positioned beyond an army’s outposts to observe the movements of the enemy. See https://p1.liveauctioneers.com/720/26360/9840598_1_x.jpg?version=1315591928&width=1600&format=pjpg&auto=webp and https://img1.etsystatic.com/012/0/7172827/il_340x270.457829095_llxu.jpg // e.g., For many of the campaigns of history sentries, or larger security parties constituting infantry pickets or cavalry videttes, did not habitually fire on one another./// A leading star of stage, screen, or television. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Josephine_Baker_1950.jpg   and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Mistinguett_Moulin_Rouge.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gypsy_Rose_Lee_NYWTS_1.jpg  // e.g., She’s now a big-time TV vidette.// e.g., Two exciting videttes who regularly shop at his store: Michel Pagliaro and Bruno Pelletier.// e.g., The vidette in question has a house on the beach there and the context of the script demanded that she be filmed on the beach with a boy.

Tuck = (verb with object and usually with adverbial of place) Push, fold, or turn the edges or ends of something, especially garment or bedclothes to hide or secure them.//  A fold or pleat (= a double or multiple folds in a garment or other item made of cloth, held by stitching the top or side) in a fabric that is sewn in place (***** for the 2^nd part of the definition). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Cutwork.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/3334JUPONtaffetas_noir_et_couleur_haut_volant_rapporte_garni_plis25.png  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Flemish_School_Portrait_of_a_Young_Boy_1625.jpg For tucking a shirt See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=egMeraTWaI4 For keeping a shirt tucked https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LyhP4KEWvxM For tucking bed sheet corners See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-r3ioBDGXw  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2vuJwI3TkY  // e.g., He tucked his shirt into his trousers.// e.g., By tucking one edge of the skin over the other, the exact extent of excess skin can be defined and excised (surgical procedure).// e.g.,  ‘Holding the pasta curved side up, tuck the edges under and pinch to secure.’ /// Tuck someone in/ up = Make someone, especially a child, comfortable in bed by pulling the edges of the bedclothes firmly under the mattress. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNQIdEv-Emo   // e.g., Christen was only too willing to be tucked up in bed by ten.// e.g., ‘Then, I lied her in her clean bed and tucked her in.’ /// Draw something, especially the part of one’s body, together into a small space; e.g., She tucked her legs under her.// e.g., His knees were tucked up tightly to his chest, and his head rested on them (My comment: this is an embryonic position)./// Put or keep something in a specified place so as to be hidden, secure, comfortable, or tidy; e.g., The Colonel walked towards her, his gun tucked under his arm.// e.g., Savers (saver = a person who regularly saves money through a bank or recognized scheme) are turning to unit trusts as the best place to tuck away their money.// e.g., He approached him, took the gun, and tucked it back inside his coat./// (verb with object) Make a flattened, stitched fold in a garment or material, typically so as to shorten or tighten it, or for decoration. For sewing tucks See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0AR9rCXWx48 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WSKcfE16u7g    and   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6eW473JHcQE  // e.g., The suit was pinned and tucked all over./// (noun) A flattened, stitched fold in a garment or material, typically one of several parallel folds put in a garment for shortening, tightening, or decoration. For a dress with tucks See https://jigsaw.btxmedia.com/pws/client/images/catalogue/products/1019983/BL019/large/1019983_4.jpg and http://historicalsewing.com/wp-content/uploads/1900-Wool-Dress-tucks-trim.jpg  // e.g., A dress with tucks along the bodice./// (informal usually with a modifier) A surgical operation to reduce surplus flesh or fat (abdominoplasty). See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oVC_vqIjdL4 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PElrnuQfoo // e.g., A tummy tuck./// (in diving, gymnastics, downhill skiing, etc.) A position with the knees bent and held close to the chest, often with the hands clasped around the shins. For tuck (acrobatics) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/PitchTuck.gif For a front tuck (gymnastics) See http://gymnasticshq.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/how-to-do-a-front-tuck.jpg For a back tuck (gymnastics) See http://www.wikihow.com/images/a/af/Do-a-Back-Tuck-Step-10.jpg (My comment: we also call it somersault and (related to their landing) front flip or backflip (1 word)) For a diving tuck See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Reverse_5391.JPG and http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Sport/Pix/pictures/2012/8/11/1344677365310/Tom-Daley-dives-011.jpg                         For a forward tuck dive See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lds8uvjVcpU  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8XXd_zRl4A   For a back tuck dive See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xhZlJhIGEbw  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ro6lSDotxLw// e.g., She nailed a reverse 3–1/2 somersault tuck on his final dive./// Tuck something away = (phrasal verb) Store something in a secure place; e.g., Employees can tuck away a percentage of their pre-tax salary.// e.g., With companies purchasing storage space in record numbers, the question that presents itself is how to manage and monitor all of this information once it is tucked away.// e.g., For some people using coupons is a bother - but if you get in the habit of tucking them away in your purse, it will become second nature./// Be located in an inconspicuous (= not clearly visible or attracting attention; not conspicuous) or concealed place; e.g., The police station was tucked away in a square behind the main street.// e.g., The Media Collection is tucked away on the 4^th floor./// Eat a lot of food; e.g., Samantha managed to tuck away everything her father couldn’t eat./// Tuck in (or into) = (phrasal verb) eat food heartily. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTkg43wcmfQ  // e.g., ‘I tucked into the bacon and eggs.’ // e.g., She is keen to get children as young as possible tucking into healthier food.

Pleat (or plait) (pleat is pronounced pliːt) = (noun) a type of fold formed by doubling fabric back upon itself and securing it in place. It is commonly used in clothing and upholstery (= soft, padded textile covering that is fixed to furniture such as armchairs and sofas) to gather a wide piece of fabric to a narrower circumference. Pleats are categorized as pressed (ironed or otherwise heat-set into a sharp crease) or unpressed, falling in soft rounded folds. Pleats sewn into place are called tucks (mentioned above) (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Rochet_Plissage.JPG  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/PSIMG_5163.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Girl%27s_Dress_LACMA_AC1999.46.15.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Girl_Holding_Skirt.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Tekkoshocon_2010_cosplayer_with_Mahora_Academy_Middle_School_for_Girls_winter_uniform_from_Negima.jpg 

Bodice (pronounced ˈbɒd.ɪs) = (noun) the part of a woman’s dress (excluding sleeves) that is above the waist. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Bodice_%28PSF%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Joseph_Julien_bodice.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Dirndl.jpg

Flipper (not to be confused with ‘slipper’!) (My comment: perhaps you have seen the movie with ‘flipper’ the dolphin – See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-c1-Y6YWS1w and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6PqrTZsho0 ) = (noun) A broad flat limb without fingers, used for swimming by various sea animals such as seals, whales, and turtles. For penguin flipper See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Schwimmender-Pinguin.jpg  Foe turtle flipper (My comment: common as a wallpaper theme!) See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Chelonia_mydas_is_going_for_the_air.jpg and https://i.ytimg.com/vi/K9ijcWTAfQg/maxresdefault.jpg For whale flipper See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Baleen_parts.png For seal flipper See https://i.pinimg.com/236x/a3/4e/1d/a34e1daccb630c790173484a38b81a44--elephant-seal-flipper.jpg For a dolphin flipper See http://skabrat.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/KRK_6487.jpg  /// e.g., The short, broad flippers have rounded tips and are about 1.5 m long./// (also known as swimfin) A flat rubber attachment worn on the foot for underwater swimming. For foot flipper fins See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/SwimFins_02.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Swimfins.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/US_Navy_100817-N-9769P-069_Navy_Diver_2nd_Class_David_Orme%2C_center%2C_and_Colombian_divers%2C_Capt._Camilo_Cifuentez%2C_right%2C_and_Chief_Technician_Aurelio_Alonso%2C_slowly_ascend_to_the_surface_during_underwater_gear_familiarization.jpg and  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTRFjggtFC4 and https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvzehPd0yKu0nsdmGxDeTzkOpZvOXOG-GmRY6csyoBLvWYa0aD0fAksxYbXZn81un8rDbOwU70G4hN4bFh3nFTgqg-FkLM9Ez_B7WzNNZ1TG0g2wWJ6LZWduq3Mf2BgBfzFlRmRcJoG4O3/s1600/2013-03-12_10-40-04_977.jpg and http://static1.squarespace.com/static/597f76aa725e25eecd2ffa08/597fc9be5149bf0e7d4b99cf/597fcdf55149bf0e7d4c5c86/1501548021821/fins.jpg?format=original   /// (pinball machine flippers) A pivoted arm in a pinball machine, controlled by the player and used for sending the ball back up the table. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5eWnaSGaCQ and http://www.kirkweaverbadpinballseller.com/flipper-problems-kaweaver.jpg and https://www.homeleisuredirect.com/Assets/HLD/User/24096-addams-family-pinball-flippers.jpg

Swimfin = (noun) flipper (swimming) (described above).//// SwimFin™ = a unique, self-adjusting learn swimming aid for children (My comment: making the kids looking like sharks!).  SwimFin is endorsed by four-time Olympic Gold Medalist, Libby Trickett in Australia and New Zealand. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cXG8aLToy1g and www.swimfin.com.au  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c8Ii6ibyxx8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r3XjIIhJzKI

Tuft (pronounced tʌf) = (noun) A bunch or collection of threads, grass, hair, etc., held or growing together at the base. For hair tuft See http://www.regrowhair.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/hairtuft.jpg   and https://yellowpencilstub.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/img_0914.jpg  For grass tuft See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Starr_001026-9002_Lolium_perenne.jpg and  https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/t/tuft-grass-green-isolated-white-background-65174868.jpg   // e.g., Scrubby tufts of grass./// (Anatomy; Zoology) A bunch of small blood vessels, respiratory tentacles, or other small anatomical structures; e.g., The glomerular tuft (= a network of capillaries located at the beginning of a nephron in the kidney (*****)). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Glomerular_Physiology.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Juxtaglomerular_Apparatus_and_Glomerulus.jpg  /// (verb with object) Provide with a tuft or tufts; e.g., The fringe can be tasseled or tufted./// (Needlework) Strengthen upholstery by passing a cluster of threads through the material, so making depressions at regular intervals. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Detailed_close_up_of_multi-coloured_knitting_stitches.jpg  For a tufted headboard See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0U2IF0odyI    and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsk_MJZXMC0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6HuikhihyA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpIkjaAlXFc

Tentacle = (noun) (zoology) a flexible, mobile, elongated organ present in some species of animals, mostly invertebrates that usually occur in one or more pairs and work mainly like muscular hydrostats. Most forms of tentacles are used for grasping and feeding. Many are sensory organs, variously receptive to touch, vision, or to the smell or taste of particular foods or threats. Examples of such tentacles are the eyestalks of various kinds of snails (*****). See (cuttlefish) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Cuttlefish.png and (land snail) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Snail-front-0A.jpg and (abalone) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/White_abalone_Haliotis_sorenseni.jpg and (Ctenophore)  https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Ctenophore.jpg

Cuttlefish (also cuttlefishes) = (noun) A swimming marine mollusk that resembles a broad-bodied squid, having eight arms and two long tentacles that are used for grabbing prey. Its internal skeleton is the familiar cuttlebone, which it uses for adjusting buoyancy. Like other marine mollusks, cuttlefish have ink stores. These are used for chemical deterrence, phagomimicry, sensory distraction, and evasion when attacked. The ink can be ejected by creating a smokescreen to help the cuttlefish escape, or it can be released in the form of a pseudomorph that is similar to the size of the cuttlefish ((*****) for the ink). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Sepia_mestus_%28front_view%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Cuttlefish_komodo_large.jpg and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuttlefish#/media/File:Seba_molluscas.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ojb1pxcSr5E  For cuttlefish releasing ink See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmBYFfq8_Yk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUIaDVCGcXM  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDDx1csntO8

Blubber (not to be confused with ‘bladder’!) = (mass noun) The fat of sea mammals, especially whales and seals. For whale blubber See  https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Whale_blubber.jpg and http://r.ddmcdn.com/s_f/o_1/APL/uploads/2014/10/why-japanese-hunt-whales0.jpg   For seal blubber See http://oceanwildthings.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/800px-Elephant_seal_lg.jpg  /// (informal, derogatory) Excessive human fat; e.g., ‘My six-pack is quickly being covered in blubber!’ /// (verb; no object) (informal) Cry noisily and uncontrollably; sob. For baby blubber See  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jIrXwR05qFs and  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvKHv5H00iQ    // e.g., She was blubbering like a child.// (with direct speech) e.g., ‘I don't like him,’ blubbered John.

Mattress (pronounced ˈmæt.rəs) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (noun) A fabric case filled with soft, firm, or springy material, used for sleeping on. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Shifman_Mattress_Set.JPG      and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Old_mattress_making.jpg  and  https://www.shopmarriott.com/images/products/v2/xlrg/Marriott-foam-mattress-box-spring-set-MAR-124_xlrg.jpg and https://www.westinstore.com/images/products/xlrg/westin-hotel-heavenly-bed-mattress-box-spring-HB-124_xlrg.jpg/// (Engineering) A flat structure of concrete, brushwood, or other material, used as strengthening or support for foundations, embankments, etc.

Quilt (pronounced kwɪlt) = (noun) a warm bed covering made of padding enclosed between layers of fabric and kept in place by lines of stitching typically applied in a decorative design. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Russellquilter.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Dessert_Quilt.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Sindhi_appliqued_quilt.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Anna_Williams_Quilt.jpg  // e.g., ''Our room was waiting - window flung (fling = to throw or move something suddenly and with force; fling-flung-flung (*)) open onto a little garden, pink-washed walls, faded quilts, towels smelling of fresh air.'' //// (verb) join together layers of fabric or padding with lines of stitching to form a bed covering or a warm garment, or for decorative effect. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quilt#/media/File:Quilt_making_13.JPG  and (quilting machine) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Longarm_Quilting_Machine_with_Quilt_on_frame.jpg

Khaki (pronounced ˈkɑː.ki) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (noun) dark yellowish-green cloth, often worn by soldiers (*). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Khaki82.jpgand https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/33rd_Punjabi_Army_%28Commander_Punjabi_Subadar%29_by_A_C_Lovett.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Chennai_City_Mounted_Police.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Marineoffiziere_in_Dakar_%281994%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Chanakya_and_Chatrasal_Price_distribution_ceremony_28.jpg and http://www.public.navy.mil/bupers-npc/support/uniforms/uniformregulations/chapter3/PublishingImages/Officer/om_servicekhaki_lg.jpg

Address is pronounced əˈdres in British & ˈæd.res in North American English. Apart from the particulars of the place where someone lives, or an organization is situated, it also means a formal speech delivered to an audience) – Addressee = the person to whom something, typically a letter or parcel (= a thing or collection of things wrapped in paper in order to be carried or sent by mail), is addressed.

Inseparable (not 'unseparable') = (adjective) Unable to be separated or treated separately; e.g., Research and higher education seem inseparable./// (noun) A person or thing inseparable from another; e.g., ‘We are two good old enemies, Peter and I, inseparable, in fact.’

Genre (pronounced ˈʒɑ̃ː.rə or ˈʒɒn.rə) (beware of the pronunciation!) (My comment: the best pronunciation would be from a Canadian!) = (noun) A style or category of art, music, or literature; e.g., The spy thriller is a very masculine genre.// e.g., The science fiction genre.// e.g., ‘By the late 1980s I'd dare say that the whole slasher film genre had pretty much burned itself out.’/// (as modifier) Denoting or relating to a style of painting depicting scenes from ordinary life, typically domestic situations, associated particularly with 17^th-century Dutch and Flemish artists; e.g., Genre scenes.

Upbringing = (noun) The treatment and instruction received by a child from its parents throughout its childhood; bringing up, rearing; e.g., He had had a Christian upbringing.// e.g., ‘I was a countryman by upbringing.’// e.g., That way, the child gets to have a normal life with parents who would give him or her (don’t forget to avoid gender bias as here) a good upbringing.

Conform (to/ with something) = (verb; no object) Comply with rules, standards, or laws; e.g., This kitchen does not conform to hygiene (pronounced ˈhaɪ.dʒiːn) regulations.// e.g., The changes were introduced to conform with international classifications.// e.g., ‘You have to conform to the rules of a planet when you’re on it.’ ///  (of a person) Behave according to socially acceptable conventions or standards; e.g., The pressure to conform.// e.g., They conform to general socially acceptable behavior.// e.g., ‘I could never conform to what other people wanted me to be for the sake of fitting in.’/// Be similar in form or type; agree; e.g., The countryside should conform to a certain idea of the picturesque.// e.g., Once, at a press conference, he was asked if he's thinking as a scientist could conform to the thinking of a politician.// e.g., His description of the height and build of the person does not conform to the height and build of the appellant (= a person who applies to a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court) at the relevant time.

Hygiene (vs) Sanitation

Hygiene (pronounced ˈhaɪ.dʒiːn) (beware the pronunciation!) = (uncountable mass noun) Conditions or practices conducive to maintaining health and preventing diseases, especially through cleanliness. Synonym = cleanliness.// e.g., Poor standards of food hygiene.// e.g., Personal/ dental hygiene.// e.g., Health and hygiene regulations ((**) for the last 2 examples).

Sanitation = (mass noun) Conditions relating to public health, especially the provision of clean drinking water and adequate sewage disposal; e.g., They could afford to erect new dwellings (dwelling = a house or place to live in (*)) with a reasonable standard of construction and sanitation.// e.g., They are generally living in older areas of modern cities, which are well known for poor sanitation, lack of health facilities and basic amenities.// e.g., Many illnesses in these temporary refugee camps are the result of inadequate sanitation ((**) for the last example).

Aluminum (pronounced əˈlu·mə·nəm) in North American English and aluminium (pronounced ˌæl.jəˈmɪn.i.əm) in British English) (beware of the spelling and the pronunciation!). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Aluminium-4.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Tovarna_glinice_in_aluminija_Kidri%C4%8Devo_-_kupi_aluminija_1968.jpg  For aluminum foil See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Aluminium_cooking_foil.jpg and (chocolate cups) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Reese%27s_peanut_butter_cups.jpg  and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Aluminium_foil_micrometer.jpg and http://images.wisegeek.com/aluminum-foil.jpg and  // For aluminum can See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Drinking_can_ring-pull_tab.jpg

Ravenous (pronounced ˈrav(ə)nəs) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (adjective) Extremely hungry. For a ravenous dog See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qa53SJ4rjgI and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6t3sePsjs8  For a ravenous cat See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u-RtSU5-ibo and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7BzdE2uTRZ8  // e.g., ‘I’d been out all day and was ravenous.’ // e.g., By contrast, North Americans are ravenous consumers of energy.// e.g., ‘That’s the problem with swimming, it makes me ravenous!’ /// (of hunger or need) Very great; voracious; e.g., A ravenous appetite.// e.g., ‘Arrive before you have built up a ravenous hunger!’ // e.g., ‘If you have a ravenous appetite for rock and jazz, this is a must-read.’

Reckon (pronounced ˈrɛk(ə)n) (My comment: I think that this verb is used more in British English rather than in American) = (verb with object) Establish by counting or calculation; calculate; e.g., His debts were reckoned at $150,000.// e.g., The Byzantine year was reckoned from 1 September.// e.g., India is now reckoned to be home to about 10 million Bangladeshis./// Reckon someone/ something among = include someone or something in a class or group; e.g., The society can reckon males of the royal blood among its members.// e.g., Forrest McDonald wrote in 1994 that ‘it is my personal belief, that someday (1 word) he will be reckoned among the ‘great’ or ‘near great’ presidents.’ // e.g., When this series was shown in New York in 1895, the critic Montague Marks declared, ‘We do not hesitate to say that these prints will be reckoned among the most artistic of the century.’ /// (informal) (with clause) Be of the opinion; e.g., He reckons that the army should pull out entirely.// e.g., ‘I reckon I can manage that.’ .// e.g., Additionally, some experts reckon that many Britons have lost their basic kitchen skills! // e.g., ‘I reckon this happens a lot more than most people believe.’ /// (verb with object and complement) Consider or regard in a specified way; e.g., The event was reckoned a failure.// e.g., Her first novel, published in 1997, was reckoned to be one of the finest literary debuts of the decade.// e.g., But more than 1/3 of the population is still reckoned to be chronically malnourished (= weak and in bad health because of having too little food or too little of the types of food necessary for good health (*))./// Reckon on/to = (verb; no object) Have a specified view or opinion of; e.g., ‘What do you reckon on this place?’ he asked.// e.g., What would he reckon to them being assessed and designed in a similar way? // e.g., ‘First of all, what do you reckon to the Champions League draw?’ (draw= a game that ends with the score even; a tie)./// (verb with object) (UK English) Rate highly; e.g., 'I don’t reckon her chances.’ // e.g., Peter could play three chords on his nylon-stringed guitar, and Paul had a sense of rhythm, so we reckoned our chances of a stab at fame and fortune./// Reckon on = (verb; no object) Rely on or be sure of; e.g., They had reckoned on a day or two more of privacy.// e.g., They reckoned on getting an extra 100,000 people to the ballot box - and won the state by just over 130,000 votes.// e.g., ‘We’re reckoning on a two-year project this time, giving us time for a bit of a life outside the project.’/// (informal) (with infinitive) Expect to do a particular thing; e.g., 'I reckon to get away by two-thirty.' .// e.g., He comes to town to shop for various goods and reckons to add a wife to that goods list! // e.g., He reckons to save about $100 a year on parking in town in this way./// To be reckoned with (or 'to reckon with') = a thing or person that is not to be ignored or underestimated; e.g., The trade unions were a political force to be reckoned with.// e.g., The vitality of the Vietnamese economy and its superb growth rates are making Vietnam an economic force to be reckoned with.// e.g., This youngster is a force to reckon with in the sub-junior and junior categories./// Reckon with (or without) = (phrasal verb) take (or fail to take) into account; e.g., They hadn’t reckoned with a visit from Sarah.// e.g., ‘Unfortunately, we had reckoned without the New York weather, which decided to bucket down with rain all morning.’ // e.g., But that reckons without the special talent which is Thierry Henry./// Reckon with = (phrasal verb) settle accounts with; e.g., God sees the sin of his own people and will reckon with them for it.

Bucket down = (phrasal verb) to rain heavily; e.g., ‘It’s absolutely bucketing down’ (*).// e.g., He thought about walking to the chemist (= drug store in American English) but the rain was still bucketing down.// e.g., ‘Unfortunately, we had reckoned without (= failed to take into account) the New York weather, which decided to bucket down with rain all morning.’

Kindred (pronounced ˈkɪndrɪd) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (noun; treated as plural) One’s family and relations; e.g., Members of an extended kindred tend to live in the same area or community, building their individual homes on jointly held family land.// e.g., ‘It concerns blood, of course; for me and my kindred, it’s always a matter of blood.’ // e.g., ‘Return unto the land of thy (= your; in old English) fathers, and to thy kindred.’ //// (mass noun) Relationship by blood; e.g., Ties of kindred.// e.g., In this context ties of kindred were tightened by lordship rather than loosened.// e.g., Bleeding that first occurs in adulthood, is associated with a specific disorder, and is not seen in kindred, implies an acquired hemorrhagic condition (My comment: otherwise, it would be congenital  (= present from birth, such as hemophilia in this case; pronounced kənˈdʒen.ɪ.t(^ə)l).//// (adjective) (attributive) Similar in kind; related; e.g., Books on kindred subjects.// e.g., They were kindred souls, who had grown up together as neighbors, and naturally, had fallen in love (My comment: so they were soul mates!). // e.g., It helps, as it always does with sport, to have a kindred bond with one of the teams.

Kindred (pronounced ˈkɪndrɪd) spirit = a person whose interests or attitudes are similar to one’s own; e.g. 'I longed to find a kindred spirit.’// e.g., ‘He was a kindred spirit to them.’// e.g., Perhaps many young women don’t see the relevance of a feminist struggle when their closest kindred spirits are men and not earlier generations of feminists.

Whatsoever = (adverb) (with negative) At all (used for emphasis) e.g., ‘I have no doubt whatsoever.’ // e.g., There was no doubt whatsoever in Katherine’s mind that this was a change for the better.// e.g., He attempted to order a beer, but had a little difficulty, as he knew no French whatsoever.// e.g., He has no respect for authority whatsoever.// e.g., ‘I can honestly say that I have no interest whatsoever in the royal family’ ((**) for the last 2 examples).

Fancy (as a verb) = (UK English) (informal) Feel a desire or liking for something; e.g., ‘Do you fancy a drink?’ // e.g., ‘I fancy a move back down to Dublin’ // e.g., ‘I really fancy ice skating in Dublin sometime soon.’ /// Find sexually attractive; e.g., ‘I really fancy her.’ // e.g., ‘I have been married for 20 years, and although I love my wife I don’t fancy her anymore’ (My comment: as usually the initial love gradually fades!).// e.g., He was fancied by the girls and admired by the boys./// Fancy oneself = (UK English) (informal) Have an unduly (= to an unwarranted degree; inordinately;  ʌnˈdʒuː.li) high opinion of oneself, or of one’s ability in a particular area; e.g., ‘If you fancy yourself an amateur paparazzi, keep your camera close at hand!’ // e.g., ‘If you’re fancying yourself a victim of circumstance, you’re not participating enough in your own destiny.’// e.g., They sit around chewing cigars fancying themselves victors in a war yet to be fought against an enemy yet to be named./// (UK English) Regard a horse, team, or player as a likely winner; e.g., (verb with object and infinitive) ‘I fancy him to win the tournament.’ .// e.g., Few then had fancied this team to make waves in Euro 2004 (My comment: these were the Greeks who won then the UEFA European Championship in football. But the only one worldwide who believed from the very beginning in the Greek victory and bet on their win was a Briton who bet and earned lots of money!)./// (with clause) Imagine; think; e.g., (verb with object)  She fancied she could smell the perfume of roses.// e.g., ‘I have frequently been disappointed when fancying that I was giving news of importance to my friend.’/.// e.g., She fancied herself as an amateur psychologist./// (UK English) (in imperative) Used to express surprise at something; e.g., ‘Fancy meeting all those television actors!’ // e.g., ‘Fancy that, there's more to life than just shopping!’

Endeavor (US English) (‘endeavour’ in British English) (pronounced enˈdev.ər) = (verb; no object, with infinitive) Try hard to do or achieve something; e.g., He is endeavoring to help the Third World.// e.g., They should also endeavor not to let security arrangements set the tone for the discussion.// e.g., Parents and teachers up and down the land are endeavoring to instill high standards of personal behavior and responsibility among young children./// (noun) An attempt to achieve a goal; e.g.,  (with infinitive)  An endeavor to reduce serious injury.// e.g., He expressed his appreciation of everyone involved in nominating him for the peace award in recognition of his endeavors to bring about the Agreement.// e.g., The team maintained the pressure and Josh was rewarded for his endeavor with a goal to seal the win from close range./// (mass noun) Earnest, prolonged, and industrious effort; e.g., Enthusiasm is a vital ingredient in all human endeavor (May comment: indeed, we need people to work with enthusiasm in their field(s); not just to make money!).// e.g., He has impressed me with his effort and endeavor.// e.g., The collective endeavor towards a creative goal is clearly something he thrives (thrive = to grow, develop, or be successful (*)) on.//// An enterprise or undertaking; e.g., A portfolio (= a set of pieces of creative work intended to demonstrate a person’s ability to a potential employer) of business endeavors.// e.g., The project is a five-year endeavor undertaken as a partnership between IBM and National Geographic.// e.g., From this point forward, Europeans and Americans engaged in artistic endeavors were divided into two increasingly distinct constituencies.// e.g., Politicians and lawyers will achieve success in their endeavors.

Gridlock (pronounced ˈɡrɪdlɒk) = (mass noun) A situation of very severe traffic congestion. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Gridlock.svg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/7th_Street_gridlock_afternoon.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/New_York_City_Gridlock.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLXs6DCwRwI and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hT6xgqu6YT4 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0JjtztkY90 // e.g. The city reaches gridlock during peak hours.// e.g., People feared the development would cause traffic gridlock and claimed noisy fans would make their lives a misery.// e.g., That flood of goods is threatening to create gridlock on the roads and rails of Southern California./// Another term for deadlock (= a situation, typically one involving opposing parties, in which no progress can be made).

Implode (pronounced ɪmˈpləʊd) (the opposite of ‘explode’) = (verb) Collapse or cause to collapse violently inwards. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IarMZeTPYGA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KDX4--py6ok and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8U4erFzhC-U and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_XKy6xTZpvg   and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6WC5UHHuVq4  and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQSHqhrOgok // e.g., (verb; no object) Both the windows had imploded.// e.g., (verb with object) The plasma implodes the fuel.// e.g., When stars have exhausted their nuclear fuel resources they implode at the center and expel their outer layers into space (My comment: and then, depending on their density, they become black holes or white dwarfs!).// e.g., Argentine Navy submarine may have ‘imploded’; photos show wreckage on seafloor (from the media. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6WC5UHHuVq4 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQSHqhrOgok ).// e.g., Crews successfully imploded the Pontiac Silverdome  (= a domed stadium in Pontiac, Michigan) on Monday afternoon, just over a day after the first planned implosion failed. According to the demolition company tasked with the implosion, eight charges disconnected - preventing the fall of the Silverdome.  (from YouTube. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_XKy6xTZpvg  ).//// (verb; no object) End or fail suddenly or dramatically; e.g., ‘Can any amount of aid save the republic from imploding?’ // e.g., He lost money when the market imploded.

Hovel (pronounced ˈhɒv(ə)l) = (noun) A small squalid (= (of a place) extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially as a result of poverty or neglect) or simply constructed dwelling (= a house, apartment, or another place of residence). See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaRYa3UMFVk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-ME6mTGvW8 and (a Chalet hovel!) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-454QteG-s // e.g., People were living in rat-infested (infest = (of insects or animals) be present (in a place or site) in large numbers, typically so as to cause damage or disease) hovels.// e.g., It is quite a change from the glamorous Vegas lifestyle this living in hovel stuff.// e.g., The homes, or rather hovels, that they lived in would not now be considered fit for pigs! /// (archaic) An open shed or outhouse, used for sheltering cattle or storing grain or tools. For a hovel farm See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTxcbhEdd6U  // e.g., Kelvin  tries to persuade him to shelter in a hovel, and they go off to look for it.// e.g., The village became dirtier as they moved away from the castle: shops and Smithies (smithy =  a blacksmith’s (= a person who makes and repairs things in iron by hand) workshop; a forge) gave way to hovels and pig pens (pen = a small enclosure in which sheep, pigs, cattle, or other domestic animals are kept)./// (historical) A conical building enclosing a kiln (= a furnace or oven for burning, baking, or drying, especially one for calcining lime or firing pottery)./// The brick outer shell of a bottle oven (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Bottle_oven%2C_Minkstone_Works%2C_Longton_-_geograph.org.uk_-_671863.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/GladstonePotteryMuseum%28ValVannet%29Jul2004.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Gladstone_firing_bottle_oven_3830.JPG

Confute (pronounced kənˈfjuːt) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (verb with object) (formal) Prove a person or an assertion or accusation to be wrong; disprove; e.g., Restorers who sought to confute this view were accused of ignorance (pronounced ˈɪɡ.n(ə)r.(ə)ns).// e.g., The ‘fact’ that water freezes more quickly if it is first boiled is no fact at all, and some of Descartes’s (René Descartes (Renatus Cartesius in Latin) (1596-1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist; widely regarded as one of the founders of modern philosophy (*****)) ‘explanations’ are easily confuted by experiment.// e.g., How can the latter (= denoting the second or second mentioned of two people or things; pronounced ˈlæt.ə^r)) supposition be confuted?’ // e.g., Neither anticipation was unreasonable, but the one was justified whilst the other was confuted by events.// e.g., ‘The face which he puts upon it shall either confirm your suspicions or entirely confute them.’ // e.g., ‘There is no need to confute the theory, which confutes itself!’ ((**) for the last 4 examples).

Grave (as an adjective) = (adjective) Giving cause for alarm; serious; e.g., A matter of grave concern.// e.g., There are, however, grave dangers here as well.// e.g., Everybody knows the situation is very grave and that not enough aid is arriving./// Serious or solemn (= formal and dignified (= having or showing a composed or serious manner that is worthy of respect) in manner or appearance; e.g., Her face was grave.// e.g., The grave expression it held seem not to fit the youthful appearance of his posture.// e.g., Rita turned solemn with a grave look in her eyes.

Mutilate (pronounced ˈmjuː.tɪ.leɪt) (beware of the pronunciation!) = (verb with object) Inflict a violent and disfiguring injury on; mangle; e.g., His leg was badly mutilated.// e.g., Most of the prisoners had been mutilated./// Inflict serious damage on; e.g., The fine carved screen was mutilated in the 18^th century.// e.g., Although badly mutilated by the quarrying (quarry = extract stone or other materials from a quarry (= a place, typically a large, deep pit, from which stone or other materials are or have been extracted), some of the defenses can still be traced, especially on the north and north-west sides.