Recidivist (pronounced rɪˈsɪdɪvɪst) = (noun) a convicted criminal who reoffends, especially repeatedly; e.g., ‘Should prisoners who repeatedly commit crime spend a long time behind bars simply because they're recidivists?’ // e.g., People who come out of jail and can't get jobs do become recidivists and can't get married.// e.g., Sometimes prisoners never seem to get free of the prison system and they become what society now refers to as recidivists./// (adjective) Relating to recidivists; e.g., The possibility of recidivist behavior can be kept to a minimum through regular counseling sessions.// e.g., The third lowest recidivism rate in the country./// Tending to re-offend; e.g., Research reveals that murderers are less likely to be recidivist than other criminals.// e.g., The families of recidivist prisoners.// e.g., In conclusion, the main change that this bill introduces is the power to place recidivist child sex offenders under extended supervision for up to 10 years.
Penitentiary (pronounced ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃ(ə)ri) =(noun) (US English) A prison for people convicted of serious crimes. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Abu_Ghraib_cell_block.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Xatta137.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/State_Prison%2C_at_Sing_Sing%2C_New_York.jpg and https://i1.wp.com/baltimoreheritage.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/maryland-penitentiary-site-tour-2016-03.jpg?ssl=1 /// e.g., ''In Kingston, we check out the museum at the penitentiary, where convicts have been housed for well over 100 years.// e.g., He was one of the ten other convicts at the penitentiary who were so treated.'' // e.g., When she walked through the mines and penitentiaries the prisoners there often appeared surprised at her hopelessness./// (in the Roman Catholic Church) A priest appointed to administer penance (= voluntary self-punishment inflicted as an outward expression of repentance for having done wrong)./// An office in the papal court forming a tribunal for deciding on questions relating to penance, dispensations, and absolution.
Internment (pronounced ɪnˈtəːnmənt) = (mass noun) The state of being confined as a prisoner, especially for political or military reasons. For an internment camp See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Boercamp1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Liberation-Men--_santo_tomas.jpg and https://img.buzzfeed.com/buzzfeed-static/static/2016-11/21/13/asset/buzzfeed-prod-fastlane03/sub-buzz-31457-1479752093-7.jpg?downsize=715:*&output-format=auto&output-quality=auto // e.g., He was threatened with internment in a concentration camp./// (as modifier) e.g., Internment camps./// (countable noun) e.g., Mass internments.// e.g., Found on a Wyoming ranch, the World War II barrack housed them during their internment.
Parole (pronounced pəˈrəʊl) = (mass noun) The temporary or permanent release of a prisoner before the expiry of a sentence, on the promise of good behavior; e.g., He committed a burglary while on parole.//e.g., Over the years, he has gained insight into the reasons why prisoners released on parole so often fail and end up back in prison.//e.g., The Canadian public has recently seen several shocking crimes perpetrated by prisoners out on parole./// (countable noun) (historical) A promise or undertaking given by a prisoner of war to return to custody or act as a non-belligerent if released.// (My comment: Did they eventually returned to jail?)) e.g., ‘I took their paroles of honor.’ // (mass noun) e.g., A good many French officers had been living on parole in Melrose.// e.g., He separated the captured officers, took their paroles of honor not to attempt escape, then advanced each captain $50 towards private accommodation for themselves and their subalterns on Long Island.//// (Linguistics) The actual linguistic behavior or performance of individuals, in contrast to the linguistic system of a community. Contrasted with langue (pronounced lɒ̃ɡ; = a language viewed as an abstract system used by a speech community, in contrast to the actual linguistic behavior of individuals)./// (verb with object) Release a prisoner on parole; e.g., He was paroled after serving ten months of a two-year sentence.// e.g., Originally sentenced to life in prison, he was paroled in 1975after serving only three years under house arrest.
Probation = (mass noun) (Law) The release of an offender from detention, subject to a period of good behavior under supervision; e.g., He went to court and was put on probation.// e.g., He was given a community service order and put on probation.// e.g., He was put on probation for 15 months and ordered to pay the conductor $500 compensation./// A process of testing or observing the character or abilities of a person who is new to a role or job; e.g., For an initial period of probation your manager will closely monitor your progress.// e.g., Those who are successful then go on probation for another six months and are allocated a mentor.// e.g., ‘I had a bad semester and ended up on academic probation.
Perpetrate (pronounced ˈpɜː.pə.treɪt) (not to be confused with ‘perpetuate’ that means ‘make something continue indefinitely’, as ‘in a monument to perpetuate the memory of those killed in the war’) = (verb with object) (formal) Carry out or commit a harmful, illegal, or immoral action; e.g., A crime has been perpetrated against a sovereign state.// e.g., In many cases, they end up as child soldiers, programmed at a young age to perpetrate violence and acts of terrorism.// e.g., Whoever perpetrated these acts has to be prepared to pay for the lives they have so arbitrarily (arbitrary = using unlimited personal power without considering other people's wishes (*);pronounced ˈɑː.bɪ.trər.i) taken.
Perpetrator (pronounced ˈpɜː.pə.treɪ.tə (r)) = (noun) someone who has committed a crime or a violent or harmful act. See http://images.wisegeek.com/sad-prisoner-in-handcuffs.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lznQKVxF9Cc and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rr1W-_SJ6Tk // e.g., The perpetrators of the massacre must be brought to justice as war criminals (^^). // e.g., She plays a super-cop whose main submission tactic is revealing her breasts, so perpetrators are lulled into boredom!// e.g., It's more of a drug movie than a sex movie, culminating in a horrific murder, of which the perpetrators remember nothing.
Warden (vs) Warder
Warden (US English) (governor in British and Australian English) = (noun) (US English) A person responsible for the supervision of a particular place or activity or for enforcing the regulations associated with it; e.g., The warden of a nature reserve.// e.g., An air-raid warden./// A prison officer. See http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/state/singsing/images/lawes02.jpg and https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/x/prison-warden-18605969.jpg // e.g., Securely handcuffed to a warden, he was taken to Wandsworth Prison./// (US English) A prison governor./// (UK English) The head of certain schools, colleges, or other institutions; e.g., The Warden of All Souls College, Oxford.
Warder = (noun) (UK English) A guard in prison. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Old_turnkey.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/MP_displays_Guantanamo_shackles.jpg and http://pre10.deviantart.net/224c/th/pre/f/2010/293/4/e/arctic_warder_by_cwhite02-d314ged.jpg and https://slm-assets1.secondlife.com/assets/5382338/view_large/Prison%20Warder%20Advert%20MP.jpg?1334061982 // e.g., The Daily Dispatch has learnt (or learned) that 20 out of 24 prison warders in King William's Town took ‘sick leave’./// Yeoman warders or Beefeaters = ceremonial guardians of the Tower of London. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Detroit_Publishing_Co._-_A_Yeoman_of_the_Guard_%28N.B._actually_a_Yeoman_Warder%29%2C_full_restoration.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Yeoman.warder.toweroflondon.arp.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Yeoman_Warder_-_Beefeater.JPG
Traffic warden = someone whose job is to make certain that drivers do not leave their cars in illegal places. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2L5iNSUHgsg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BGfR_xta51A and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zvad7iztAIM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDXOq2FTvkA and http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2016/12/14/11/0675CDA00000044D-4032082-Traffic_enforcement_rules_vary_depending_on_the_local_authority-a-2_1481714053437.jpg
Shackles (pronounced ˈʃæk.(ə)lz) =(noun) A pair of fetters connected by a chain, used to fasten a prisoner's wrists (handcuffs) or ankles (leg cuffs) together. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Chain_Gang_Street_Sweepers%2C_1909.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Cup_lock_shackle01_1999-august.jpg and http://breakingthecode.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Shackled-Prisoner.jpg and http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2015/11/05/23/2E26663400000578-3306220-image-m-17_1446766928679.jpg // e.g., ‘He tugged on the chain connecting my shackles together.’/// A metal link, typically U-shaped, closed by a bolt, used to secure a chain or rope to something. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Manille_sur_quai.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Splice_on_snap_shackle.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Soft_shackles.JPG and http://www.splashmaritime.com.au/Marops/data/text/Seamantex/Riglifttex_files/image081.gif and http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_601251 For shackle link See http://www.wholesaletrailerb2b.com/img/product/TTSL2250_1.jpg?fv=988D73880E7BAFC0AA55D102756B4D73-12388 and https://trailerpartssupplies.com/1033-thickbox_default/shackle-link-kit-35-long-225-centers.jpg and https://www.waveinn.com/f/133/1338466/peguet-delta-shackle-link.jpg For a joining shackle link See https://www.waveinn.com/f/133/1338464/peguet-galvanised-joining-shackle-link.jpg and https://www.plastimo.com/media/catalog/product/cache/2/small_image/210x/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/n/a/nav_7173___.jpg // e.g., So was the shackle which fastened it to the halyard./// (verb) Chain with shackles; e.g., A believer in strict discipline, he preferred forms of punishment like putting a prisoner in stocks or shackling him to a ball and chain.
Fetter (usually as fetters) (pronounced ˈfet.ə(r)) = (noun) A chain or manacle used to restrain a prisoner, typically placed around theankles. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Chain_Gang_Street_Sweepers%2C_1909.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Cup_lock_shackle01_1999-august.jpg and https://www.granger.com/wmpix/cri/pri/0032573-LONDON-DEBTORS-PRISON-A-debtor-in-fetters-at-the-Marshalsea-Prison-London-England-Line-engraving-18th-century.jpg // e.g., ‘A short chain led from my ankle fetters to an iron staple hammered into the floor.’// e.g., He lay bound with fetters of iron./// A restraint or check on someone's freedom to act; e.g., The fetters of convention./// (verb with object) Restrain with chains or manacles, typically around the ankles; e.g., A ragged and fettered prisoner./// Confine or restrict someone; e.g., He was not fettered by tradition.
Handcuffs (1 word)./// Leg cuffs (2 words).
Manacle (usually as manacles) (pronounced ˈmæn.ə.k(ə)l) = (noun) One of two metal bands joined by a chain, for fastening a person’s hands (handcuffs) or ankles (leg cuffs).See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Handcuffs01_2003-06-02.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Transport_restraints_02.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Hinged_Handcuffs_Rear_Back_To_Back.JPG and http://www.forumgarden.com/forums/attachments/general-chit-chat/36831d1340216936-handcuffs-manacles-prisoner.jpg and http://www.forumgarden.com/forums/attachments/general-chit-chat/36835d1340218962-handcuffs-manacles-prisoner-1.jpg // e.g., The practice of keeping prisoners in manacles./// (verb with object) Confine a person or part of the body with manacles; e.g., His hands were manacled behind his back.// e.g., They had manacled her legs together.//e.g., His arm was manacled to a ring on the wall ((**) for the last 2 examples).
Dodge (pronounced dɒdʒ in British English and dɑːdʒ in North American English) = (verb with object) = Avoid someone or something by a sudden quick movement. For dodge and catch game See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PtY7Y9kJA0U and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nayOC7Tmuk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IvAv6ZLlb5I For a dodgeball game See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xLjPj8I760 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeWl9Vsta0Q and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae7ukyKuFwE and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bJ1vEQKX-hE // e.g., ''We ducked inside our doorway to dodge shrapnel(= fragments of a bomb, shell, or other object thrown out by an explosion) that was raining down.'' // e.g., Marchers had to dodge missiles thrown by loyalists.// e.g., We turned another corner, narrowly dodging another bullet, running down the alleyway./// (verb, no object, with adverbial of direction) Move quickly to one side or out of the way. For guys dodging cars on the road (edited) See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=obpgfnSuMaI and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYHud9M3fOg // e.g., Jim dodged between the cars.// e.g., She ignored him totally and quickly dodged through the mass swiftly, knowing he couldn't keep up.// e.g., He quickly dodged out of their way, but four turned and headed after him./// Evade (= escape or avoid, especially by cleverness or trickery) a debt or obligation in a cunning or dishonest way; e.g., He'd caught her dodging fares on the underground.// e.g., Those are charges he says he has no intention of answering in the war crimes court if he can dodge it.// e.g., Everybody’s got to be somewhere, and there I was in Vancouver at the age of five, dodging the draft into the War in Vietnam./// (often as noun) Dodging = (photography) Expose one area of a print less than the rest during processing or enlarging. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Darkroom_dodging.svg and http://www.shariblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/dodge-nd-burn1.jpg and https://www.apnphotographyschool.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Featured-Image-Lone-Tree-Skyscape.jpg // Note in photography: Another term is 'burning' related to the increase of the exposure to areas of the print that should be darker. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Darkroom_burn.svg Further details on dodging and burning in photography you may find on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodging_and_burning /// (noun) A sudden quick movement to avoid someone or something; e.g., ‘He rushed in, preparing to make a quick dodge into the kitchen to grab another drink and then get back out, but froze on the spot two steps into the house.’// e.g., ''As you enter the room, perform a rolling dodge to the left.'' // e.g., A quick dodge saved his head from an incoming fist./// A cunning trick or dishonest act, in particular, one intended to avoid something unpleasant; e.g., Bartering can be seen as a tax dodge.// e.g., The grant system's widespread use as a tax dodge.// e.g., Citing (cite = quote a passage, book, or author as evidence for or justification of an argument or statement, especially in a scholarly work) such impersonal forces - such as poverty - is always a dodge for individual responsibility./// (Bell-ringing) The dodging of a bell in change-ringing.
Duck (as a verb) = (verb; no object) Lower the head or the body quickly to avoid a blow or so as not to be seen; e.g., Spectators ducked for cover.// (verb with object) e.g., She ducked her head and entered.// e.g., He ducked into the doorway to get out of the line of fire./// Duck out = depart quickly; e.g., ''I thought I saw you duck out.'' // e.g., ''I ducked out to see if George Clooney had signed the autograph or if the guy had disappeared.'' // e.g., The bell rang and I quickly ducked out of the classroom before Miss Smith could stop me.''/// (verb with object) Avoid a blow by moving down quickly; e.g., He ducked a punch from an angry first baseman.// e.g., Roger smiled, laughed, and ducked the blow like he could read the chief's mind.// e.g., He barely ducks the bullets as his eyes widen when they fly towards him.// (informal) (verb with object) Evade or avoid an unwelcome duty or undertaking; e.g., A responsibility that a less courageous man might well have ducked./// (verb; no object) e.g., ‘I was engaged twice and ducked out both times.’ // e.g., ''Thank goodness we've ducked out of the dinner party thing!'' /// (verb with object) Plunge one’s head or body underwater briefly; e.g., ''I had to keep ducking down to get my head cool.'' // e.g., George grabbed him from behind to duck him under the surface.
Duck (as a noun, not related to the bird) = (mass noun) A strong linen or cotton fabric, used chiefly for work clothes and sails. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apby4nJKHeY and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFV1iq5CX64 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UhI6eEzArLQ // e.g., Cotton duck./// Ducks= Trousers made of duck./// Duck or Ducks = (British English)
(informal)Dear; darling (used as an informal or affectionate form of address, especially among cockneys ( cockney = a native of East London, traditionally one born within hearing of Bow Bells)); e.g., 'It's time you changed, my duck.'' // e.g., ''Where’ve yer been, ducks!' /// An amphibious transport vehicle. [Duck tours = tours that take place on purpose-built amphibious tour buses or military surplus DUKWs and LARC-Vs. Duck tours are primarily offered as tourist attractions in harbor, river and lake cities ((*****) for ducks tour)]. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Duck_Slipway_2017.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Seahorse_Amphibious_Passenger_Vehicle_.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/%27Duck%27.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Bay_Quackers_Peking_Duck_side.JPG and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vebt4edLAn8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=62dAk_ILzjo // e.g., Visitors can board an amphibious duck to explore the city./// (bridge) A tactic in the card game of contract bridge./// (cricket) A cricketing term denoting a batsman being dismissed with a score of zero ((*****) for the last 2 definitions).
Endearing (pronounced ɪnˈdɪə.rɪŋ) = (adjective) inspiring love or affection; e.g., An endearing little grin (= a broad smile).// e.g., ''You have an endearing quality of youth and innocence that attracts people around you today.'' // e.g., ‘Needless to say, she also made news as a person of endearing charm, winning the hearts of the public.’
Endear someone to someone (pronounced ɪnˈdɪər ) = (phrasal verb) Cause to be loved or liked; e.g., Linda's spirit and character endeared her to everyone who met her.// e.g., Patience, peace and a good heart endear you to family, friends and loved ones.// e.g., His fiery (= emotional or easily made angry; pronounced ˈfaɪ(ə).ri) temper did not endear him to his coworkers ((**) for the last example).
Upbringing (pronounced ˈʌpˌbrɪŋ.ɪŋ) = (noun) The treatment and instruction received by a child from its parents throughout its childhood; e.g., Her Quaker (= a Christian movement) upbringing influenced her character.// e.g., She had a strict upbringing, and she never developed a close relationship with her parents.
STEM degree (previously called METS) = (abbreviation) degree in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.
Quaker = (noun) (Quakers or friends) members of the Religious Society of Friends, a Christian movement founded by George Fox circa 1650 and devoted to peaceful principles. Central to the Quakers' belief is the doctrine of the ‘Inner Light,’ or sense of Christ’s direct working in the soul. This has led them to reject both formal ministry and all set forms of worship. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Fox_by_Lely_2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Mary_dyer_being_led.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_064_-_Quakers%27_Meeting_%28tone%29.jpg /// Quaker™ (Quaker Oats Company) = a well-known brand of oats for oats porridge (= a dish consisting of oatmeal or another meal or cereal boiled in water or milk). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/88/Quaker-Oats-4321.jpg For the Quaker brand logo See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5d/Quaker_Oats_logo_2017.png/220px-Quaker_Oats_logo_2017.png For porridge See http://www.vegrecipesofindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/oats-porridge-recipe2.jpg and http://www.vegrecipesofindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/oats-porridge-recipe7.jpg
Circa (pronounced ˈsəːkə) (not to be confused with ‘circus’!) = (preposition) (Often preceding a date) Approximately e.g., The church was built circa 1860.// e.g., The earliest use of the term was recorded in Texas circa 1850.// e.g., He was born circa 1700 ((**) for the last example).
Circus Maximus (not to be confused with ‘circus’!) = (My comment: you may have heard the word in ‘sword and sandal’ (peplum) movies; however, you may wonder its meaning) = an ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, situated in the valley between the Aventine and Palatine hills. It was the first and largest stadium in ancient Rome and its later empire. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Circus_Maximus_in_Rome.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Circus-Maximus-June-1983.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tNmPJmxajwI and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=frE9rXnaHpE and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lh4-Rh8WGCw
Livelihood (pronounced ˈlʌɪvlɪhʊd) = (noun) A means of securing the necessities of life; source of income; e.g., People whose livelihoods depend on the rainforest.// e.g., It's true the timber trade provides a livelihood for some inhabitants of the region, but not for long.// e.g., The club might not be in existence by the end of the season and ultimately it is our livelihoods and careers that are at stake (= at risk).
Incipient (pronounced ɪnˈsɪpɪənt) = (adjective) Beginning to happen or develop; e.g., She could feel incipient anger building up.// e.g., An incipient black eye.// e.g., His only worrying moment came when she felt an incipient cramp in his right leg halfway through the test./// (Of a person) developing into a specified type or role; e.g., ‘We seemed more like friends than incipient lovers.// e.g., ''I am assuming the groomsman is an incipient politician - maybe mayor number two?''
Bare (pronounced beər – it is an adjective) essentials = the things that are absolutely necessary; e.g., We only had enough room to pack the bare essentials (***).
Gauge (gage in North American English) (pronounced ɡeɪdʒ) = (noun) An instrument or device for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something, typically with a visual display of such information. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7Id8KwuKag and https://previews.123rf.com/images/pilart/pilart1004/pilart100400003/6835314-device-faces-thermometer-pressure-gauge-Stock-Vector-barometer.jpg For pressure gauge (or vacuum gauges; manometer – displayed on the first 2 images) See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/MAXIMATOR-High-Pressure-Manometer-01a.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Manometer_104026.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/McLeod_gauge.jpg For a digital tire pressure gauge See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JvMiTQgadss // e.g., On some equipment, a visual sight glass or gauge shows fluid levels without opening the system, while on others a dipstick or other manual measuring device is used./// The thickness, size, or capacity of something, especially as a standard measure, in particular; e.g., ‘If you get a good tent, it’s 60 gauges, about 130 pounds, it can take care of a family of 5 – 7 throughout the winter, and you can have some items inside the tent that will keep the family warm.’ /// The position of a sailing vessel to windward (weather gauge) or leeward (lee gauge) of another. For a weather gauge See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hElrRHmGI_Y and For a lee gauge See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gcd0GsU8IoQ // e.g., A ship sought weather gage of its enemy, so that it had freedom of maneuver, and could close if it wished.//// (verb) Estimate or determine the magnitude, amount, or volume of; e.g., Astronomers can gauge the star’s intrinsic brightness./// Measure the dimensions of an object with a gauge; e.g., When dry, the assemblies can be gauged exactly and planned to width.
Geiger (pronounced ɡaɪɡə) counter (the sensing element is known as Geiger-Müller tube) = A device for measuring radioactivity by detecting and counting ionizing particles. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Geiger_counter.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Geiger_counter_2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Geiger_counter_in_use.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXwIzOalFo8
Sievert (symbol: Sv) (pronounced ˈsiːvət) [not to be confused with civet (animal) or serviette (table napkin)!] = a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI) and is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body (*****).
Civet (pronounced ˈsɪvɪt) (also known as civet cat) (not to be confused with ‘Sievert’, a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose) = (noun) a slender nocturnal carnivorous (pronounced ˌkärˈniv(ə)rəs, i.e., feeding on other animals) mammal with a barred and spotted coat and well-developed anal scent glands, native to Africa and Asia. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Civet.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Luwak_%28civet_cat%29_in_cage.jpg and https://s3.amazonaws.com/images.thestar.com/content/dam/thestar/life/food_wine/2016/04/08/i-ate-this-civet-cat-coffee/wild-civet.jpg.size-custom-crop.1086x0.jpg // In North America: The ring-tailed cat or cacomistle. Its proper name is ringtail cat, belongs to the Raccoon family, and it is unrelated to the ''civet cat'' species, although their resemblance. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Bassariscus.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Squaw-ringtail-28073.jpg and https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhhgufqt3PIT0rLbm62aaIz4wJpeKMu-9m3VN_aE-lRABzZ8F11LIPQNQEtl_0Irm0dvbnfXCdnMvWR6entQmFWQKAmb3DoJFmcyKgl46KJTviIGg6c5KMs9UTAMVr8r_noUKborICe88/s1600/Ring-Tailed-Cat.jpg
Windward (vs) Leeward
Windward (pronounced ˈwɪnd.wəd) = (adjective) Facing the wind or on the side facing the wind; e.g., The windward side of the boat./// (noun) The side or direction from which the wind is blowing; e.g., The ships drifted west, leaving the island quite a distance to windward.
Leeward (pronounced ˈliː.wəd) = (adjective) On or toward the side sheltered from the wind or toward which the wind is blowing; downwind; e.g., The leeward side of the house./// (noun) The side sheltered or away from the wind; e.g., The ship was drifting to leeward.
Nocturnal (pronounced nɒkˈtɜː.n(ə)l)= (adjective) happening in or active during the night, or relating to the night; e.g., Bats are nocturnal.// e.g., Nocturnal light/ wanderings (^^).
Potto (pronounced ˈpɒtəʊ) (also known as potto gibbon) = (noun) a small, slow-moving, nocturnal primate with a short tail, living in dense vegetation in the tropical forests of Africa. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/PottoCincyZoo.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Perodicticus_potto_-_Royal_Museum_for_Central_Africa_-_DSC06787.JPG and https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/03/158403-004-1B39C288.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V3UmQ6F6MAk
Gibbon (pronounced ˈɡɪbən) = (noun) a small, slender tree-dwelling ape with long powerful arms and loud hooting calls, native to the forests of Southeast Asia. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Hylobates_lar_pair_of_white_and_black_01.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Hylobates_lar_sitting_on_a_stump_over_water.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Agilegibbon.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Witwanggibbon_M.jpg/220px-Witwanggibbon_M.jpg and http://elelur.com/data_images/mammals/gibbon/gibbon-07.jpg For White-handed gibbon See (from National Geographic) http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/content/dam/kids/photos/animals/Mammals/A-G/gibbon-tan-18778051.ngsversion.1415994938342.jpg
Lemur (pronounced ˈliː.mə(r)) = (noun) an arboreal primate with a pointed snout (= the nose and mouth that stick out from the face of some animals; pronounced snaʊt (*)) and typically a long tail found only in Madagascar. See http://animals.sandiegozoo.org/sites/default/files/2017-04/lemur_brown.jpg and http://lemur.duke.edu/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/crowned-lemur-smaller.jpg For the famous Ring-tailed lemur (My comment: one of the cutest mammals!) See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lemur_catta_001.jpg/1200px-Lemur_catta_001.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Lemur_catta_-_tail_length_01.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Ring_tail_lemur_leaping.JPG and http://elelur.com/data_images/mammals/ring-tailed-lemur/ring-tailed-lemur-05.jpg
Flying Lemur (or cobego or colugo) (pronounced ˈliː.mə(r)) = a nocturnal tree-dwelling Southeast Asian mammal resembling a lemur, with a membrane between the fore- and hindlimbs for gliding from tree to tree. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Colugo_%28Galeopterus_variegatus%2C_adult_female%29%2C_Central_Catchment_Area%2C_Singapore_-_20060618.jpg and https://i.ytimg.com/vi/zz9sfV1cOeA/hqdefault.jpg and https://fryap.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/sunda-flying-lemur-120222-109eos1d-fyap1535.jpg?w=625&h=937
Arboreal (pronounced ɑːˈbɔː.ri.əl) = (adjective) (chiefly of animals) living in trees; e.g., Arboreal rodents./// Relating to trees; e.g., Mature forests with arboreal lichens are scarce except in national parks and nature.
Lichen (pronounced lɪtʃ.ən in British English and laɪ.kən in North American English) = (noun) a simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crust-like, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Lichen-covered_tree%2C_Tresco.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Flavoparmelia_caperata_-_Flickr_-_pellaea_%287%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flavoparmelia_caperata_-_lichen_-_Caperatflechte.jpg/1200px-Flavoparmelia_caperata_-_lichen_-_Caperatflechte.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Common_orange_lichen_-_Gew%C3%B6hnliche_Gelbflechte_-_Xanthoria_parietina_-_04.jpg
Lichen (pronounced lɪtʃ.ən in British English and laɪ.kən in North American English) planus = (medicine) a skin disease in which small pimples or bumps occur close together. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Lichen_Planus_%282%29.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Lichen_planus_lip.jpg and http://www.dermweb.com/hairnailsmucousmembranes/graphics/jpegs/Untitled-7.jpg
Pimple (pronounced ˈpɪmp(ə)l) (or zit, or spot or pustule) = (noun) a small hard, inflamed spot on the skin. See [a pimple (center) evolved into the pustule stage] https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Teenager-with-acne.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/AcneVulgarisUSMIL.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Blackheads.JPG and https://www.healthline.com/hlcmsresource/images/topic_centers/BeautyandSkinCare/766x415_How_to_Treat_a_Hard_Pimple.jpg and http://skinhow.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/pimple_on_nose.jpg // e.g., She had a pimple at the corner of her mouth.// (Figurative) e.g., ‘I can see the hut down there, just a tiny pimple.’
Comedo (or blackhead) (pronounced ˈkɒmɪdəʊ or kəˈmiːdəʊ) (plural = comedones) = (noun) a clogged hair follicle (pore) in the skin. Keratin (skin debris) combines with oil to block the follicle. A comedo can be open (blackhead) or closed by skin (whitehead) and occur with or without acne. The chronic inflammatory condition that usually includes both comedones and inflamed papules and pustules (pimples) is called acne (pronounced ˈæk.ni) (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Comedos_Nose_01.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Blausen_0811_SkinPores.png
Thicket (pronounced ˈTHikit) = (noun) A dense group of bushes or trees. For thickets of trees See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Betula_pendula_%28fall_colors%29_2.jpg and https://previews.123rf.com/images/nemo1024/nemo10240807/nemo1024080700441/3270732-A-thicket-of-birch-trees-during-autumn--Stock-Photo.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Trees_at_Big_Thicket_National_Preserve.jpg For bush/ shrub thickets See https://mnfi.anr.msu.edu/element-images/3775.jpg and http://www.maine.gov/dacf/mnap/images/sds2.jpg // e.g., It is a very attractive park of rolling hills, open grassy valleys, interspersed with thickets, woodlands, and rich wetlands.
Hoot (pronounced huːt) = (noun) A deep or medium-pitched musical sound, often wavering or interrupted, that is the typical call of many kinds of owl./// (verb) (of an owl) Utter (= make (a sound) with one’s voice) a hoot. For an owl hooting See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYDMmZqv9wI and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EUy-RsUXJ00 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynl-L8L3Ui8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hG6465r0dQ and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtlIjCKujPE //// Α short, loud, high sound; e.g., He gave three short hoots on the car horn.// e.g., He gave a hoot of laughter/ derision (= contemptuous ridicule or mockery) ((*) for the 2nd definition and examples).
Baton (ˈbæt.ɒn or in North American English: bəˈtɑːn) (not to be confused with ‘button’!) = (noun) A thin stick used by a conductor to direct an orchestra or choir. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Stamp_Germany_1998_MiNr2025_S%C3%A4chsische_Staatskapelle_Dresden.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/John_Philip_Sousa_cph.3b35816.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Stravinsky_Igor_1929_by_F_Man._Germany.jpg and https://www.bso.org/media/6985/baton_closex345_290.jpg and https://www.thepiano.sg/sites/thepiano.sg/files/styles/read_article_main_picture/public/thepiano_images/read/2016/06/29/11/01/conductor-baton.jpg?itok=UpDBQFBZ /// A short stick or tube passed from runner to runner in a relay race. For baton handling in a relay race See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Relay_race_baton_pass.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Flickr_cc_runner_wisconsin_u.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/fc/2003_Greece_10_Euro_OS_Relays_front.jpg and http://upl.stack.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/relay_runners_passing_baton_sc-011533.jpg and http://www.americanenglishdoctor.com/IMAGES/WORDS/relaybaton.jpg and https://img1.etsystatic.com/039/0/9323640/il_340x270.601397949_o07o.jpg /// A long stick carried and twirled by a drum major (or Field Commander; = the leader of a marching band, drum and bugle corps, or pipe band, usually positioned at the head of the band or corps ((*****) for this). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Drum_major_%28PSF%29.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Marines_on_parade.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/MilitaryBatonIsrael.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=isKPxVNifc8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKuF_yST4vc and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4vDlDZKrarQ //// A police officer’s club. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/May_Day_Immigration_March_LA66.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Chicago_Police_helmet_%26_billy-club.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Batuta_ni_mico.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Kravallpolis.jpg/250px-Kravallpolis.jpg and http://cdn1.shopmania.biz/files/s5/747534919/p/l/3/esp-18-inch-expandable-hardened-police-baton-with-anti-slip-handle~43.jpg /// (military) A staff symbolizing office or authority, especially one carried by a field marshal. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Jean-Baptiste%2C_comte_Jourdan%2C_mar%C3%A9chal_de_France_%281762-1833%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/Xaintrailles_and_La_Hire2.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJlHOMY-sjQ /// (Heraldry) A narrow bend truncated at each end. /// A short bar replacing some figures on the dial of a clock or watch. See http://ngclocks.co.uk/ekmps/shops/ngclocks/images/130mm-black-baton-clock-hands-20022-p.png and http://ngclocks.co.uk/ekmps/shops/ngclocks/images/140mm-black-baton-euroshaft-clock-hands-hq-140-ba1--19216-p.jpg
Relay (pronounced ˈriːleɪ) race = a running or swimming race between two or more teams usually of four members, each of whom goes a part of the distance (*). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Relay_race_baton_pass.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Flickr_cc_runner_wisconsin_u.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/fc/2003_Greece_10_Euro_OS_Relays_front.jpg and http://upl.stack.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/relay_runners_passing_baton_sc-011533.jpg and http://www.americanenglishdoctor.com/IMAGES/WORDS/relaybaton.jpg and https://img1.etsystatic.com/039/0/9323640/il_340x270.601397949_o07o.jpg For swimming relay race See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=chwxaUtnfUk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmIYanq5gH8&t=291s and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8ilKnQHYfA&t=268s and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQQt0eTknxY
Relay (pronounced: a) Noun = ˈriːleɪ. b) Verb = riːˈleɪ) (not to be confused with ‘rely (on/ upon)’) = (noun) (pronounced ˈriːleɪ) A group of people or animals engaged in a task or activity for a fixed period of time and then replaced by a similar group; e.g., The wagons were pulled by relays of horses.// e.g., Gangs (here it means a group of workers who work together) of workers were sent in relays.// e.g., The competition drew to a close as teams raced the length of the sports hall in relays to collect their questions and deliver their answers.// e.g., Breakfast was cooked in relays, and we finally took off about 9 a.m./// An electrical device, typically incorporating an electromagnet, that is activated by a current or signal in one circuit to open or close another circuit. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Relay.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Relay2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Solid-state-contactor.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Relay_room.jpg and http://denkovi.com/userfiles/productlargeimages/product_44.jpg and http://wiki.openpicus.com/images/thumb/2/24/Relay.jpg/300px-Relay.jpg Protective relay = a relay device designed to trip a circuit breaker when a fault is detected. The first protective relays were electromagnetic devices, relying on coils operating on moving parts to provide detection of abnormal operating conditions such as over-current, over-voltage, reverse power flow, over-frequency, and under-frequency. Contemporary microprocessor-based digital protection relays emulate the original devices, as well as providing types of protection and supervision impractical with electromechanical relays (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Induction_Disc_Over_Current_Relay.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Protective_relay.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Image-Relay.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Protective_relay.jpg/220px-Protective_relay.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Protective_Relays_Hydroelectric_Station.JPG // e.g., At this, there are several loud clicking sounds, as of relays closing their circuits.//// A device to receive, reinforce, and retransmit a broadcast or program. For broadcast relay system See http://www.stack-elec.co.jp/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/broadcasting_relay_system.jpg For a broadcast radio-relay station See http://photos.wikimapia.org/p/00/02/97/52/51_big.jpg // e.g., From there, signals are sent to a radio and a solar-powered relay station 10,000 feet up a mountain, tied to a tree./// Relay race (see above)./// A signal or broadcast transmitted by a relay; e.g., Α relay of a live performance from the concert hall./// (verb) (pronounced riːˈleɪ) Receive and pass on information or a message; e.g., He intended to relay everything he had learned./// Lay again or differently; e.g., They plan to relay about half a mile of the track.
Veranda (or Verandah) = (noun) a roofed platform along the outside of a house, level with the ground floor. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/GrandeVerandah.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Harlaxton_House.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Verandah_of_The_Hollow.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Listed_dwelling_house._Veranda._-_13_Moln%C3%A1r_Street%2C_%C3%89rd%2C_Hungary.JPG // e.g., A dilapidated old man sits on the veranda of a dilapidated old house./// (Australian and New Zealand English) A roof over the pavement in front of a shop.
Patio (pronounced ˈpæt.i.əʊ) (plural: patios) = (noun) an area outside a house with a solid floor but no roof, used in good weather for relaxing, eating, etc. (^^). In Australia, the term is expanded to include roofed structures like a pergola which protects from sun and rain ((*****) for this). For patio See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Patio_de_C%C3%B3rdoba.jpg and https://images.landscapingnetwork.com/pictures/images/800x642Max/pergola-and-patio-cover_14/bluestone-patio-seating-area-white-cape-cod-patio-cover-stout-design-build_9889.jpg and https://st.hzcdn.com/simgs/3ea1c7340016d5f3_4-3845/contemporary-patio.jpg and https://i.pinimg.com/736x/94/6a/1f/946a1f993b3d10d04ef9cb05eee6b73f--garden-paving-patio-gardens.jpg Patio home (or cluster home) = an American house in a suburban setting, part of a unit of several houses attached to each other, typically with shared walls between units, and with exterior maintenance and landscaping provided through an association fee. The building may actually be a condominium (see below) in which the owner holds a fractional interest in the land throughout the development, or it may be titled as a townhome in which each homeowner holds direct title to the land on which their unit is built. ((*****) for patio home). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Upper_Middle_Class_Patio_Homes.JPG
Condominium (pronounced ˌkɒn.dəˈmɪn.i.əm) (shorted to condo) = (noun) a type of real estate divided into several units that are each separately owned, surrounded by common areas jointly owned. Residential condominiums are frequently constructed as apartment buildings, but there has been an increase in the number of ‘detached condominiums,’ which look like single-families home but in which the yards, building exteriors, and streets are jointly owned and jointly maintained by a community association (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Upper_Middle_Class_Patio_Homes.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/The_Cosmopolitan_Singapore.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Condos_and_the_Singapore_Flyer_by_the_Kallang_River.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/WilshireRegent.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/400SGreenLoft.jpg
Pergola (pronounced ˈpɜː.ɡ(ə)l.ə) = (noun) a garden feature forming a shaded walkway, passageway, or sitting area of vertical posts or pillars (pillar = a tall vertical structure of stone, wood, or metal, used as a support for a building, or as an ornament or monument) that usually support cross-beams and a sturdy open lattice (= a structure consisting of strips of wood or metal crossed and fastened together with square or diamond-shaped spaces left between, used typically as a screen or fence or as a support for climbing plants), often upon which woody vines are trained. As a type of gazebo (see below) it may also be an extension of a building or serve as protection for an open terrace or a link between pavilions (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Rose_Pergola_at_Kew_Gardens.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/1949_-_Salzburg_-_Mirabellgarten.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Pergola_canaria.JPG
Pavilion (pronounced pəˈvɪl.jən) = (noun) (UK English) A building at a cricket ground or other sports ground, used for changing and taking refreshments. See http://fluencycontent-schoolwebsite.netdna-ssl.com/FileCluster/OundleSchool/MainFolder/society/images/cricket-pavilion-website.png and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTXED9Q6VQM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=of80v1SaVVY // e.g., A popular cricket club is set for a face-lift after it raised £100,000 to build a new pavilion at its ground./// A summer house or other decorative building used as a shelter in a park or large garden. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jmv_RFwkC2M and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Uc1bjbS4C8 and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Z%C3%BCrich_-_B%C3%BCrkliplatz_IMG_0525_ShiftN.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Z%C3%BCrich_-_Chinagarten_-_Inselpavillion_IMG_0190.JPG // e.g., The waterfalls were crystal clear, while elegant pavilions stand under trees./// Used in the names of buildings used for theatrical or other entertainments; e.g., The resort’s Spa Pavilion./// A detached or semi-detached block at a hospital or other building complex. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Houghton_Hall_20080720-2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Plan_de_Holkham_Hall.JPG // e.g., The form of alternating pavilions also allows the site to be developed in depth./// A large tent with a peak and crenelated decorations, used at a show or fair. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkEkdBOrtoc and http://disneytimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Worlds-Fair-NY-State-Pavilion-Original.jpg and http://www.moirandalls.com/popup/moirandallsatdev05.jpg and https://www10.aeccafe.com/blogs/arch-showcase/files/2012/01/14-BOI-Fair-pavilion-image-Phuttipan-Aswakool.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/CESC_Pavilion_-_38th_International_Kolkata_Book_Fair_-_Milan_Mela_Complex_-_Kolkata_2014-02-03_8303.JPG // e.g., Few visitors to the Russian pavilions at world's fairs, however, appreciated the serious nature the Russian revival held for Russians./// A temporary building, stand, or other structure in which items are displayed at a trade exhibition. See https://i.pinimg.com/originals/ef/bb/73/efbb73702f0994bd64227a2e4e00b9af.jpg and https://media.absoluteexhibits.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/MCO-Marketing-Communication-Organisation-GmbH-@-Techtextil-North-America-2012.jpg // e.g., They designed the British pavilion at Shanghai World Expo 2010.
Gazebo (pronounced ɡəˈziː.bəʊ) = (noun) a pavilion structure, sometimes octagonal or turret-shaped, often built in a park, garden or large public areas (*****). See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64Lmnufe6a4 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZI0uEVxLI4 and (for kids) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoDIvKatEV4 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9gr3QKahJ58 and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Victorian_Gazebo.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Gazebo_in_Sam_Houston_Park_--_Houston.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Ammand_Dam_%28135%29.jpg
Tree tunnel = a road, lane or track where the trees on each side form a more or less continuous canopy (= the branches and leaves that spread out at the top of a group of trees forming a type of roof (*)) overhead, giving the effect of a tunnel (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/TreeTunnel.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Tree_Tunnel_2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/A_tree_tunnel_-_geograph.org.uk_-_895804.jpg
Portico (pronounced ˈpɔː.tɪ.kəʊ) (plural = porticoes or porticos) = (noun) A structure consisting of a roof supported by columns at regular intervals, typically attached as a porch (= a covered structure in front of the entrance to a building (*)) to a building// a covered entrance to a building, usually a large and impressive building, that is supported by columns ((*) for the second part of the definition). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Ac.pantheon3.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/BO-portico.jpg and https://dictionary.cambridge.org/images/thumb/portic_noun_002_28479.jpg?version=4.0.59 and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/TempleOfPortunus-ForumBoarium.jpg
Terrace (pronounced ˈter.əs) = (noun) a flat raised area./// A flat area of stones and grass outside a house, where people sit and sometimes eat. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Terrace_villa_de_fleur.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Terrace_Garden_East-57th-St_New_York.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/DirkvdM_casa_grande_roof_terrace.jpg /// One of several narrow strips of the land that are built like steps on a slope of a hill, used or growing crops on. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Kabal_Swat_valley.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Pisac006.jpg /// The terraces (plural) = (UK English) wide steps on which people stand to watch a football match. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/RheinEnergieStadion_K%C3%B6ln_011.jpg /// (Row in US English) a row of often small houses joined together along their side wall. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Vicars_Close_%28geograph_2559384%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Place_Vosges_Paris_Mai_2006_011.jpg //// (transitive verb) To build narrow strips of land on a slope so that people can plant crops together (^^).
Turret (pronounced ˈtʌr.ət) = (noun) a small, circular tower that is part of a castle or a large building. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Turret_%28architecture%29_1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Balhousie_Castle_%283%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_548503.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/HavanaFortTurret.jpg /// A part of a military vehicle that contains a large gun or guns and can be moved to face any direction (^^)./// (Gun turret) A location from which weapons can be fired that affords protection, visibility, and some cone of fire. A contemporary gun turret is a weapon mount that houses the crew or mechanism of a projectile-firing weapon and at the same time lets the weapon be aimed and fired in some degree of azimuth and elevation (cone of fire) ((*****) for gun turret). See (tank) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Iowa_16_inch_Gun-EN.svg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/FT-17-argonne-1918.gif and (armored car) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Rolls-Royce_Armoured_Car_Bardia_1940.jpg and (warplane) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Pima_Air_%26_Space_Museum_-_Aircraft_11.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/B-17G_Nose_in_Detail.jpg and (warship) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Maille-Braize-canon.jpg /// (Missile turret) A device used to aim missiles towards their targets before launch. Like guns, turrets have been used on warships and vehicles on the ground. In most roles articulated missile launching systems on warships have been replaced by vertical launching systems. Ship-based missile systems often have centralized guidance systems which eliminate the need for targeting sensors on the turrets ((*****) for this definition). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Conqueror_cupola%2C_Bovington_Tank_Museum.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Ratel_ZT3_front.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/12_cm_tornautomatpj%C3%A4s_m70.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-364-2314-16A%2C_Atlantikwall%2C_Batterie_%22Lindemann%22.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/305_52_O2_Kuivasaari.JPG For missile launching systems on warships See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Fort_Drum_DN-SN-83-09891.JPEG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/US_Navy_050110-N-9851B-056_Sailors_aboard_the_guided_missile_destroyer_USS_Curtis_Wilbur_%28DDG_54%29_stabilize_a_crate_containing_a_Tomahawk_cruise_missile.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Maille-Braize-14.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/WeaponAlfa.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/US_Navy_090825-N-1522S-020_A_Tactical_Tomahawk_Cruise_Missile_launches_from_the_forward_missile_deck_aboard_the_guided-missile_destroyer_USS_Farragut_%28DDG_99%29_during_a_training_exercise.jpg
Facade (or façade)(pronounced fəˈsɑːd) = (noun) The principal front of a building, that faces on to a street or open space. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bletchley_Park.jpg/334px-Bletchley_Park.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Fa%C3%A7ade_of_St._Peter%27s_Basilica_2.JPG // e.g., The house has a half-timbered facade./// A deceptive outward appearance; e.g., Her flawless public facade masked private despair.// e.g., Jenny smiled at the small boy shyness that had replaced the confident façade.
Entablature (pronounced enˈtablətshə or ɪnˈtablətshə) = (noun) (Architecture) The upper part of a classical building supported by columns or a colonnade, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice. See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/88/d6/82/88d68264315d43858d85d6c2e9f642a5--architectural-styles-architectural-drawings.jpg and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/7d/b1/5b/7db15b182eca139a9fb5e17a44b932b1--escher-art-ancient-architecture.jpg and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/bf/6d/d1/bf6dd1818420ba7aa65c914af2e31c01.gif
Architrave (pronounced ˈaːkɪtreɪv) = (noun) (in classical architecture) A main beam resting across the tops of columns. See https://i.pinimg.com/736x/88/d6/82/88d68264315d43858d85d6c2e9f642a5--architectural-styles-architectural-drawings.jpg and http://www.doric-column.com/images/glossary/architrave.gif and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/bf/6d/d1/bf6dd1818420ba7aa65c914af2e31c01.gif and http://www.pitt.edu/~medart/image/glossary/architrave.jpg /// The molded frame around a doorway or window. See https://i.pinimg.com/originals/f5/fd/aa/f5fdaa0e1c3acefb317ae666f66dcbfb.jpg and https://www.wonkeedonkeexljoinery.co.uk/media/wysiwyg/WD_frame_and_architrave_labelled__2.jpg // e.g., The Doric architrave framing the door and the carved cornice are both kinds of wood./// A molding around the exterior of an arch. See http://www.ukplaster.com/acatalog/smalltop.JPG and http://www.bangorplastermouldings.co.uk/arch04.jpg // e.g., The architrave of a perfect Renaissance arch has rotted to the texture of old peach stone.
Frieze (pronounced friːz) = (noun) a broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, especially on a wall near the ceiling. See https://i.pinimg.com/564x/fe/29/5c/fe295cb66dc32f2d4ab36c1a0e22795e.jpg and http://dillonhouse.com/sites/default/files/qr26%207.png // e.g., The horsemen of the Parthenon frieze.// (figurative) e.g., The coastline is a frieze of cliffs./// A horizontal paper strip mounted on a wall to give an effect similar to that of a sculpted or painted frieze. See https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxOrjREcHeMCNLHdo3M5vZ1ubxivoNRY55AcxuRqXmtbTF4wbbpVIfBCoSwaGbx1KRQ1hoxiuWO6DzpRQvyCzyB2saj_kPpqOLndguMDPv8gN-OJxnRuPH-_-kKgOTNtyFigZOc0I8KC0/s720/20110942415pio31172910.jpg // e.g., A wallpaper frieze with chickens on it./// (Architecture) The part of an entablature between the architrave and the cornice. See https://i.pinimg.com/736x/88/d6/82/88d68264315d43858d85d6c2e9f642a5--architectural-styles-architectural-drawings.jpg and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/bf/6d/d1/bf6dd1818420ba7aa65c914af2e31c01.gif
Cornice (pronounced ˈkɔːnɪs) = (noun) an ornamental molding around the wall of a room just below the ceiling. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Wheelingcornicecropped.jpg and https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGnDSlpARtIR1RPm9UuD4hJWya0iPK8is8PJdAKibvZiZZjEWGL1e4ZZu7CULKb7jl6Xg9EXQo5V8XuVgBbcyyd2J0-36-zNjkq0PS8XkHoWrU7tK-9XXcH6P26KDWN0czSTW3oPWTEx7P/s1600/first+pic-+pagoda+cornice.png // e.g., With an original oak floor, this area also features a carved oak ceiling rose, pediments, cornices and architraves./// A horizontal molded projection crowning a building or structure, especially the uppermost member of the entablature of an order, surmounting the frieze. See https://i.pinimg.com/736x/88/d6/82/88d68264315d43858d85d6c2e9f642a5--architectural-styles-architectural-drawings.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/DecorazioneASquame.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Cornice_%28PSF%29.png/220px-Cornice_%28PSF%29.png and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/bf/6d/d1/bf6dd1818420ba7aa65c914af2e31c01.gif // e.g., To one side lie the stately old buildings with columns and cornices that reference the school’s 1845 heritage./// An overhanging mass of hardened snow at the edge of a mountain precipice. See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/e0/f1/c1/e0f1c16123455998f28bd24ff881b6e4.jpg and http://www.traditionalmountaineering.org/images/Mt.St.Helens_SnowCornices-W.jpg // e.g., Hawk was standing on top of a snow cornice near the top of the peak when the cornice broke loose from the mountain, sending Hawk churning down the slope.
Thud (pronounced θʌd) = (noun) A dull, heavy sound, such as that made by an object falling to the ground. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LIDeMPqdXdM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_K9hvFoPakM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0ld13yvWXo and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIbtk0XwNIU and (as music!) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g0BRwixvCYU&list=RDQMzCz0eJ4q0dY&start_radio=1 // e.g., He hit the floor with a terrific thud.// e.g., He and friends were play-fighting with the clubs when there was a thud and he fell to the ground.// e.g., John heard the thud of the closing door./// (verb; no object) Move, fall, or strike something with a dull, heavy sound; e.g., The bullets thudded into the dusty ground.// e.g., The Air France jet thudded onto the runway, then skidded off (skid = (especially of a vehicle) to slide along a surface so that you have no control (*)) the pavement bursting into flames.// e.g., Her boots thudded softly on the stone steps leading to the East building.
Din (not to be confused with the ‘ding’ sound) = (noun) A loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise.// Synonyms: noise, racket, rumpus.// See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZapqS9p5WUU // e.g., The fans made an awful din.// e.g., ‘I just didn't want to add my voice to the din of noise that has filled the public square regarding this tragic woman’s fate.’ // e.g., In an instant, it was clear that the ward was an intolerably noisy place, flooded with a near-continuous din of screams, laughter, and loud vocalizations./// Din something into = (verb with object) Make someone learn or remember something by constant repetition; e.g., The doctrine that has been dinned into all our heads.// e.g., ‘I would not even ask him for charity, or have it dinned into his ears that it is his duty to help the poor.’ // e.g., It is dinned into him that the wife must always be subordinate to the husband./// (verb; no object) Make a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise; e.g., The sound dinned irritatingly into Maria’s head.// e.g., She opened the door and the noise dinned into the office.
Prodigy (pronounced ˈprɒdɪdʒi) (not to be confused with ‘prodigal’) = (noun) A person, especially a young one, endowed with exceptional qualities or abilities; e.g., A Russian pianist who was a child prodigy in his day.// e.g., The story begins in Russia, where the young chess prodigy tore through distinguished grandmaster opposition like a sickle through the soft grain.// e.g., The 16-year-old tennis prodigy is the youngest player ever to reach the Olympic finals.// e.g., ‘I read in the paper about a mathematical prodigy who was attending university at the age of twelve’ ((**) for the previous 2 examples)./// An outstanding example of a particular quality; e.g., Japan seemed a prodigy of industrial discipline.// e.g., Van Schurman was a prodigy of linguistic skills.// e.g., ‘Certainly I was no technical prodigy, but I was comfortable around machinery.’ /// An amazing or unusual thing, especially one out of the ordinary course of nature; e.g., Omens and prodigies abound in Livy’s work.
Endow (pronounced ɪnˈdaʊ) = (verb) Give or bequeath an income or property to a person or institution// to give a large amount of money to pay for creating a college, hospital, etc. or to provide an income for it; e.g., The state of Michigan has endowed three institutes to do research for industry.// e.g., This hospital was endowed by the citizens of Strasbourg in the 16th century.// e.g., In 1937, Mellon endowed the National Gallery of Art. (*) for the second part of the definition and the first 3 examples).// e.g., He endowed the church with lands.// e.g., Democracy endows people with the right to decide their future.// e.g., This God endowed him with these gifts since he passed the test and showed love. /// Establish (a university post, annual prize, etc.) by donating the funds needed to maintain it; e.g., He endowed three chairs at Liverpool University.// e.g., He is a self-employed professor who endowed his own chair and granted himself tenure.// e.g., Board members and others in the community are raising funds to endow the center in his honor./// Provide with a quality, ability, or asset; e.g., He was endowed with tremendous physical strength.// e.g., Everybody is endowed with the ability to make ethical judgments.// e.g., People think that the third President of the United States Thomas Jefferson was endowed with great wisdom.//// Be endowed = (informal) Have breasts or a penis of specified size.// e.g., The girl on page three is well endowed!// e.g., If women hear a guy is well endowed all of a sudden they are really curious!
Bequeath (pronounced bɪˈkwiːð) = (transitive verb + 2 objects) (formal) Leave a personal estate or one's body to a person or other beneficiary by a will; e.g., An equal sum was bequeathed by Mary.// e.g., She bequeathed her art collection to the town.// e.g., His father bequeathed him the family fortune in his will.// e.g., Picasso bequeathed most of his paintings and sculptures to Spain and France ((**) for the last 2 examples).
Clamor (clamour in British English) (pronounced ˈklæm·ə(r)) (not to be confused with glamor/ glamour) = (noun) A loud and confused noise, especially that of people shouting vehemently (= in a strong and emotional way; pronouncedˈviː.ə.mənt.li (*)). See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Vy8jIHivv0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbegN-str4I and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbegN-str4I and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ttB4qOMQjPg and (electronic clamor sound) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5IXPXZddEw and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msKa-duX8so and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYVN_LcT53E // e.g., The questions rose to a clamor.// e.g., The noise had reached a clamor, and the smoke was making their eyes water.// e.g., In the clamor of a battle, such noises and their exact location would be virtually impossible to distinguish even at close range./// (verb; no object) (of a group of people) Shout loudly and insistently; e.g., The surging crowds clamored for attention.// e.g., Looking at her toes now, they clamored for attention in their nakedness.// e.g., The problem with responding to every group that clamors loudly is that in election year everyone starts to clamor! //// Make a vehement protest or demand; e.g., Scientists are clamoring for a ban on all chlorine substances.// e.g., And yet people clamored for the job, which went to the highest bidder.// e.g., Meanwhile, foreign investors are clamoring to get a piece of the newest meat on the market.
Goblet (pronounced ˈɡɒb.lət) = (noun) A drinking glass with a foot and a stem; a wine glass. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Wine_Goblet%2C_mid-19th_century.jpg and https://www.ldoceonline.com/media/english/illustration/goblet.jpg and https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/elderscrolls/images/e/e2/Goblet_1.png/revision/latest?cb=20120905224451 For a Royal goblet See https://images.halloweencostumes.com/products/29553/1-1/royal-goblet.jpg and https://images1.novica.net/pictures/5/p274391_2a_400.jpg // Then the break ended and she was back to washing the gold-rimmed china and crystal goblets and glasses, cleaning the sterling silver and stainless steel, it was endless.
Chalice (pronounced ˈtʃæl.ɪs) (or goblet) = (noun) In Christian ceremonies, a large decorative, gold or silver cup from which holy wine is drunk. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Chalice_Burgos_VandA_132-1873.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/The_Antioch_Chalice%2C_first_half_of_6th_century%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Chalice_of_Valencia.JPG // e.g., Saints and martyrs, patriarchs and prophets hold golden chalices of blood, which some empty into the fountain.// e.g., Chalices, particularly, are associated with sporting events, and were traditionally made in silver.// e.g., Chalices have been used since the early church (**).///// The Holy Chalice = the vessel which in Christian tradition Jesus Christ used at the Last Supper to serve the wine. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/The_Antioch_Chalice%2C_first_half_of_6th_century%2C_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Chalice_of_Valencia.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Juan_de_Juanes_002.jpg
Treason (pronounced ˈtriːz(ə)n) (beware of the pronunciation) = (noun) The crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill the sovereign or overthrow the government.// Synonyms: treachery, disloyalty, betrayal.// e.g., They were convicted of treason.// e.g., In 1606 Guy Fawkes was executed for treason.// e.g., In 1807, Burr was arrested and tried for treason, but he was acquitted ((**) for the previous 2 examples).//// The action of betraying someone or something; e.g., Doubt is the ultimate treason against faith.// e.g., African-Americans, it is cynically assumed, will remain loyal to the Democrats regardless of the treasons committed against them.//// (historical) The crime of murdering someone to whom the murderer owed allegiance, such as a master or husband.
Treachery (pronounced ˈtrɛtʃ(ə)ri) = (mass noun) Betrayal of trust; e.g., ‘We will not forget that treachery, and we will accept nothing less than victory over the enemy.’ // e.g., Many died because of his treachery./// (countable noun) e.g., His distaste for plots and treacheries./// The quality of being deceptive; e.g., The treachery of language.// e.g., They claim they can help companies place higher in your rankings, but sometimes they resort to treachery.
Insurrection (pronounced ɪn.sərˈek.ʃ(ə)n) = (noun) A violent uprising against an authority or government; rebellion; e.g., The insurrection was savagely put down.// (mass noun) e.g., Opposition to the new regime led to armed insurrection.// e.g., (May) 1968 was the big year of revolt, it’s the student-led insurrection in Paris.
Uprising = (noun) An act of resistance or rebellion; a revolt; e.g., An armed uprising.// e.g., For now, there hasn’t been any report on any uprisings or rebellions.// e.g., Special security forces crushed the uprisings, leaving at least a thousand casualties.
Mutiny (pronounced ˈmjuːtɪni) (My comment: I guess most of you remember this word from the 1962 film ‘Mutiny on the Bounty’ with Marlon Brando) = (noun) An open rebellion against the proper authorities, especially by soldiers or sailors against their officers.// Synonyms: insurrection.// e.g., A mutiny by those manning the weapons could trigger a global war.// e.g., (mass noun) The crew were on the verge of mutiny.// e.g., Army mutinies and strikes by civil servants over salary arrears dominated events during 1991 and 1992.//// (verb) Refuse to obey the orders of a person in authority; e.g., Meanwhile, units of the army mutinied, civil war broke out, cities and villages rose in revolt and Afghanistan began to slip away from Moscow's control and influence.// e.g., In 1820 Spanish troops being sent to the colonies mutinied and proclaimed a new democratic constitution.// e.g., In the weeks following it he was forced into hiding when, encouraged by the events in Zanzibar, his army mutinied against its British officers.
Arrears (pronounced əˈrɪəz) = (plural noun) Money that is owed and should have been paid earlier; e.g., He was suing the lessee for the arrears of rent.// e.g., Mortgage arrears.// e.g., One side of the Council is issuing housing benefit, while on the other it takes court action when arrears build up./// In arrears = (phrase) Behind with paying money that is owed; e.g., Two out of three tenants are in arrears./// (of payments made or due for wages, rent, etc.) at the end of each period in which work is done or a tenancy is occupied; e.g., ‘You will be paid monthly in arrears.’ //// (of a competitor in a sports race or match) having a lower score or weaker performance than other competitors; e.g., He finished ten meters in arrears.
Lessee (pronounced lɛˈsiː) = (noun) A person who holds the lease (= a contract by which one party conveys land, property, services, etc., to another for a specified time, usually in return for a periodic payment) of a property; a tenant; e.g., The brewery said that the lessees of its pubs have no obligation to buy its beer.// e.g., ‘There was an owner, a lessee and a sublessee, as I understand it, is that right?’ // e.g., During the period of the lease, the lessee is usually prohibited from making improvements on the leased assets.
Intrepid (pronounced ɪnˈtrɛpɪd) (beware of the pronunciation) = (adjective) Fearless; adventurous (often used for rhetorical or humorous effect); e.g., Having cycled into work, the intrepid reporter decided he needed a shower.// e.g., The intrepid traveler also draws inspiration from the Tibetans themselves.// e.g., The intrepid adventurer has only sailed once in his life, on a short trip around the Greek Islands 20 years ago.// e.g., Company registration is just one part in the sorry obstacle course that has to be overcome by the intrepid investor.
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