· Excavator (pronounced ˈɛkskəveɪtə) = (noun) A person who removes earth carefully and systematically from an archaeological site in order to find buried remains. See http://www.dayofarchaeology.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/05-2015-07-15-11.33.12-smaller.jpg and https://i.pinimg.com/736x/f9/ff/a7/f9ffa75a1e369210d8fbc5e5abbed238--western-australia-perth.jpg // e.g., As Mortimer Wheeler put it 50 years ago, ‘the archaeological excavator is not digging up things, he is digging up people’./// A large machine for digging and moving earth. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Old_excavator.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/LinkBelt290X2Excavator.jpg and https://image.freepik.com/free-photo/excavator-in-action_1112-1599.jpg and http://delway.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/excavator.jpg
· Caulk (calk in US English)(pronounced kɔːk) = (verb) Seal a gap or seam with a waterproof filler and sealant. For applying silicon bead of caulk See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHwmqkoz1tE and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZqB9Z165VY // e.g., At Brooker Creek Elementary School, plant operators were caulking the seams left when aluminum awnings over the doors were ripped away from several portable classrooms./// (noun) A waterproof filler and sealant, used in building work and repairs. See http://www.sashco.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/BIG-Trim-App.jpg For a caulk gun See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lt8TtoIVDt0 and http://www.paintpro.net/images/Feature_Photos/PP706/pp706caulk01d.jpg // e.g., Seal the base of the toilet bowl with plumber's putty or silicone caulk.
· Putty (pronounced ˈpʌt.i)= (noun) A soft, malleable, grayish-yellow paste, made from whiting and raw linseed oil, that hardens after a few hours and is used chiefly for sealing glass panes in wooden window frames. See http://www.carbonmods.co.uk/Images/products/medium/mould-making-putty-5KG.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nrogsbf9SWo and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzKqFiOpSIA /// A polishing powder, usually made from tin oxide, used in jewelry work. /// (verb) Seal or cover something with putty e.g., Fastener locations are often easy to find, even if the nail heads have been puttied over.
· Awning (pronounced ˈɔː.nɪŋ) = (noun) A sheet of canvas or other material stretched on a frame and used to keep the sun or rain off a storefront, window, doorway, or deck. See http://www.aristocratawnings.com/getattachment/awning/EstateAwning14A.jpg.aspx?width=475&height=341 and http://www.midstateawning.com/images/commercial_awnings_11.jpg and http://www.generalawnings.com/images/products/dallas_window_entry_awning.jpg and http://www.nhawning.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/retractable-awning-bg.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcbbSJ0DPUs
· Foreman (female: forewoman) = (noun) a first or chief person: such as a member of a jury who acts as chairman and spokesman./// A chief and often specially trained worker who works with and usually leads a gang or crew; a person in charge of a group of workers, a particular operation, or a section of a plant. See https://www.icp.org/icpmedia/l/i/b/s/libsohn_sol_1301_2005_crop_411299_displaysize.jpg and https://fthmb.tqn.com/MpeMOh2txXHdHEvyOJqR3JKhlE0=/768x0/filters:no_upscale()/GettyImages-164852652-5685afa23df78ccc15e86e98.jpg // e.g., He asked the shift foreman if he could take a break./// A male or female member of a jury who acts as the leader and speaks for the jury. See http://www.weblearneng.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/jury-foreman.jpg and http://www.psychology-criminalbehavior-law.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/images.jpg // e.g., ‘It was the foreman speaking on behalf of the jury, as I understand it, your Honor.
/GettyImages-164852652-5685afa23df78ccc15e86e98.jpg){kind=link}
· Dangle = (verb; no object, with adverbial of place) Hang or swing loosely e.g., Saucepans dangled from a rail.// (verb; with object) e.g., They were dangling their legs over the water./// (verb; with object) Offer an enticing incentive to someone e.g., The defense portfolio could be the carrot to dangle before him.// e.g., That is why the tax relief is dangled as an incentive./// ‘Keep someone dangling’ = (phrase) Keep someone in an uncertain position e.g., He was kept dangling—offered a place on the team and then dropped.
· Skit = (noun) a jeering or satirical remark; taunt./// A satirical or humorous story or sketch; a brief burlesque or comic sketch included in a dramatic performance (as a revue). See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWrsvth19Nc and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9OdutehZTQ // A short, serious dramatic piece, especially one done by amateurs. Example: One of the funniest skits in the show was about cheerleading (***) // e.g., A skit on daytime magazine programs.
· Burlesque (pronounced berlesk) = (noun) (literature) a literary or dramatic work that seeks to ridicule using grotesque exaggeration or comic imitation (it means a parody). // e.g., A burlesque of Victorian society./// Mockery usually by caricature e.g., A writer whose burlesque often bordered on cruelty./// Theatrical entertainment of a broadly humorous often earthy character consisting of short turns, comic skits, and sometimes striptease acts performers who got their start in burlesque. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1PiPYAz7f0Q and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngvUWBY2c7k and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xgY0nMbfIJ8 // e.g., Several important 20th-century performers got their start in burlesque (***).
· Revue (pronounced rɪˈvju) (not to be confused with ‘review’ although the same origin) = [Origin: French, literally ‘review’]./// (noun) A light theatrical entertainment consisting of a series of short sketches, songs, and dances, typically dealing satirically with topical issues. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pa6ZUzTbg44 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-o6Gtlwa9bk // e.g., Anyone who has seen a revue of their sketches in Germany knows how deliriously funny their work can be.
· Javelin (pronounced ˈdʒæv.lɪn) =(sports) A long stick with a pointed end that is thrown in sports competitions. (it is a kind of spear used in sports and is similar to the ancient spear as a weapon) See https://media.aws.iaaf.org/media/Original/75e314a9-31be-45d7-8960-4a5376792716.png?v=-1115567954 and https://media.aws.iaaf.org/media/LargeL/79cc73f9-9b52-4d99-b4e0-cbeda7088be9.jpg?v=416014657 and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Javeleer.png (^^).
· Fetch = (verb with object) Go for and then bring back someone or something for someone. For training a dog to fetch See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8D6_9b6UbUY and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5AdmNosUyc // e.g., She ran to fetch help.// (with two objects) e.g., She fetched me a cup of tea./// Achieve a particular price when sold e.g., The land could fetch over a million dollars./// (informal) (verb with two objects) Inflict a blow or slap on someone e.g., That brute Cullam fetched him a wallop./// (informal) (dated) Cause great interest or delight in someone e.g., That air of his always fetches women./// (Noun) The distance traveled by wind or waves across open water e.g., The fetch of the Trade winds would weaken in their equator-ward extent./// The distance a vessel must sail to reach open water e.g., For an area of a sea so protected from the winds and enormous fetches of the Atlantic or Pacific, the sheer number of wrecks at first seems disproportionate./// ‘Fetch and carry’ = (phrase) perform a succession of menial tasks for someone as if one was their servant e.g., This week, the PM meets with the new resident of the White House and will do his best to show he can fetch and carry./// Fetch up = (phrasal verb) arrive or come to rest somewhere, typically by accident or unintentionally e.g., All of them fetched up in the saloon bar of the Rose and Crow./// (Noun) The apparition or double of a living person, formerly believed to be a warning of that person's impending death e.g., In the following weeks the fetch was seen on a number of occasions.
· Fetching = (adjective) Attractive e.g., A fetching little garment of pink satin (pronounced ˈsæt.ɪn).// e.g., ‘You look fetching.’// e.g., Fortunately, they remember that James had been robbed shortly before his death by a fetching young mechanic, Rudolf.
· Wallop = (transitive verb) (informal) To hit someone hard, especially with the flat part of the hand or with something held at hand. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1OvPhzsogNs and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9A1b2NDT9Rs and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTcTl1NfYSs // e.g., He walloped him across the back of the head.// e.g., They walloped the back of his head with a stick./// To defeat someone easily, especially in sports e.g., ‘How did your tennis match go last night?’ ‘ Oh, I was walloped again’ ((^^) except the 2nd example). /// (noun) A heavy blow or punch. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9uaMUYRzpw and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aW4XU2xSjK0 // e.g., ‘I must go down to the basement at once with my trusty two-by-four and administer a few more bracing wallops.’// e.g., My mother gave me such a wallop when she eventually found me ((^^) for this example)./// Alcoholic drink, especially beer e.g., Blossom Hill White Zinfandel 2000 Easy drinking and packing a huge fruity wallop.
· Apparition (pronounced apəˈrɪsh(ə)n) = (noun) a ghost or ghostlike image of a person. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGJRreoixl4 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPwLR-euCCg // e.g., A headless apparition.// e.g., In front of him stood five ghostly apparitions./// A remarkable or unexpected appearance of someone or something e.g., An apparition of the Virgin Mary.// e.g., Random glimpses of people and things appear in his work, their apparitions framed within the small space of his attention.// e.g., It explains numerous religious apparitions and visions.
· Tip-off = (noun) (informal) A piece of information given discreetly or confidentially e.g., Arrests came after a tip-off from a member of the public.// e.g., Police investigating the murder have set up an e-mail address for people to leave information or post anonymous tip-offs.
· Stint = (verb) (with object; often with negative) Supply a very ungenerous or inadequate amount of something e.g., Stowage room hasn’t been stinted.// e.g., He doesn't stint the darker sides of the story./// Restrict someone in the amount of something, especially money, given or permitted e.g., ‘To avoid having to stint yourself, budget in advance.’// e.g., ‘I know that she frequently stinted herself to give me food.’/// (verb; no object) Be very economical or mean about spending or providing something e.g., She doesn't stint on wining and dining.// e.g., As evidence that it doesn't stint on hard drama, two more actors are cast as ‘Japanese customs officers.’/// A person's fixed or allotted period of work e.g., His varied career included a stint as a magician.// e.g., A two-year stint in Hollywood has made the 55-year-old unashamed of selling products, ideas and himself./// (mass noun) Limitation of supply or effort e.g., A collector with an eye for quality and the means to indulge it without stint./// (Noun) A small short-legged sandpiper of northern Eurasia and Alaska, with a brownish back and white underparts. See https://naturescapeimages.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/mg_8411.jpg
· Sandpiper = (noun) any of various small shorebirds (family Scolopacidae, the sandpiper family) distinguished from the related plovers chiefly by the longer and soft-tipped bill (***). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Actitis_hypoleucos_-_Laem_Pak_Bia.jpg and http://d2fbmjy3x0sdua.cloudfront.net/cdn/farfuture/zv7Nduzt4aEtlaUuu0FqrJn34DcEtuRx83H_0CrQzYg/mtime:1486671266/sites/default/files/styles/nas_bird_teaser_illustration/public/1538_Sibl_9780307957900_art_r1.jpg?itok=GB8myIL6
· Plover = (noun) any of a family (Charadriidae) of shorebirds that differ from the sandpipers in having a short hard-tipped bill and usually a stouter more compact build. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Flickr_-_Rainbirder_-_Egyptian_Plover_%28Pluvianus_aegyptius%29.jpg and https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/PHOTO/LARGE/PipingPlover-BrianKushner.JPG // Any of various birds (as a turnstone or sandpiper) related to the plover (***).
· Bill (referred to birds) = (noun) The beak of a bird (^^) See http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/Curriculum/units/images/2birds4.GIF and http://www.earthlife.net/birds/images/anatomy/b-bill05.jpg and http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/animal-kingdom/birds/bird/morphology-bird_1.jpg
· Stout (pronounced staʊt) = (adjective) (of a person) Rather fat or of heavy build. See https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/funny-stout-man-13340764.jpg and https://images.clipartof.com/Clipart-Of-A-Vintage-Black-And-White-Stout-Old-Man-Royalty-Free-Vector-Illustration-10241203155.jpg // e.g., Stout middle-aged men.// (of an object) Strong and thick. See e.g., James had armed himself with a stout stick.// e.g., Stout walking boots./// Having or showing courage and determination e.g., He put up a stout defense in court.// (Noun) (mass noun) A kind of strong, dark beer brewed with roasted malt or barley. See http://www.nshoremag.com/images/cache/cache_8/cache_c/cache_a/Y95A8839-5a87dac8.jpeg?ver=1468348748&aspectratio=1.5009380863039 and http://www.beersmith.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/istock_stout_line.jpg /// (count noun) e.g., Microbreweries specialize in ales and stouts.
· Ale (pronounced eɪl) = (noun) (mass noun) (UK English) Any beer other than lager, stout, or porter. See http://vignette2.wikia.nocookie.net/beer/images/c/c2/Dartington-Real-A1le-Crystal-Tankard_1.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20130416194313 // e.g., A draught of ale./// (countable noun) e.g., Traditional cask-conditioned ales./// (US English) Beer brewed by top fermentation. See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/d7/82/e5/d782e5897ffea0702e99071aca3820fe.jpg // e.g., He smiled as he watched his little sister leave, taking another sip of the strong brew of ale that lay in front of him.
· Contraband = (mass noun) Goods that have been imported or exported illegally e.g., Customs officers had searched the carriages for contraband.// e.g., Those people were processed to make sure they had no weapons, no illicit drugs, no alcohol, no contraband, and then they were escorted back into the building./// Trade in smuggled goods e.g., The salt trade (and contraband in it) were very active in the town./// Goods forbidden to be supplied by neutrals to those engaged in war e.g., Neutral products, except contraband of war, are not liable to capture under enemy's flag./// (Adjective) Imported or exported illegally, either in defiance of a total ban or without payment of duty e.g., Contraband brandy./// Relating to traffic in illegal goods e.g., The contraband market.// e.g., The intent was to patrol an area that was known for contraband trafficking, but it was an undocumented mission.
· Predicate =(noun) (Grammar) The part of a sentence or clause containing a verb and stating something about the subject e.g., 'went home' in 'John went home'./// (Philosophy; Logic) Something which is affirmed or denied concerning an argument of a proposition e.g., Both Kant and Russell, for example, are interested in the logical issue of whether existence is a predicate.
· Predicative = (adjective) (Grammar) (of an adjective or noun) Forming or contained in the predicate./// Denoting a use of the verb to be to assert something about the subject./// (Logic) Acting as a predicate (see above).
· Stow = (transitive verb) To put away for future use; store./// To dispose of in an orderly fashion; arrange; pack e.g., He stowed his gear in a locker.// e.g., Luggage may be stowed under the seat.// e.g., The bathhouse offers baskets in which to stow your clothes.// e.g., She began stowing her luggage into the boot./// House; lodge./// Load.// (Slang) To put aside; stop./// Stow away = a) To eat or drink up e.g., He stowed away a huge dinner ((***) except the 3rd and 4th example). b) Conceal oneself on a ship, aircraft, or another passenger vehicle in order to travel secretly or without paying the fare e.g., He stowed away on a ship bound for South Africa./// ‘Stow it!’ = (phrase) (informal) Used to tell someone to be quiet e.g., ‘Stow it, motormouth!’ /// Stowaway = (noun) A person who stows away on a passenger vehicle e.g., Both of them went to Seoul as stowaways on a train.// e.g., They made it back to Florida as stowaways on a boat, with nothing more than the clothes they stood up in.
· Beau (pronounced bəʊ) = (dated) A boyfriend or male admirer e.g., As a pretty girl from a respectable family, she toys with her beaux – little boys who must play the love game by her rules./// A rich, fashionable young man; a dandy e.g., When my mom was young and impressionable, she went on a date with a beau who was wearing a velvet suit.
· Dandy = (noun) A man unduly concerned with looking stylish and fashionable. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSlXbl82Bww and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPDlv3zr_cM // e.g., His floppy handkerchiefs and antique cufflinks gave him the look of a dandy.// e.g., He is immaculate and was, one suspects, a bit of a dandy in his youth.// (informal) (dated) An excellent thing of its kind e.g., The Winchester Model 37 shotgun is a dandy, at a low price.// (Adjective) (US English) (informal) Excellent e.g., Things are all fine and dandy.// e.g., Things really do seem to be rather dandy right now./// Relating to or characteristic of a dandy e.g., Ruffle-fronted dandy shirts.
· Cufflink = (noun) a small decorative object used to fasten shirt cuffs (^^).See http://coolpile.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/The-Watch-Cufflinks-black-dial-silver-finish-Rhodium-plated-base-metal-with-bullet-back-closure.jpg and http://thediscerningphotographer.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/cufflink3.jpg
· Bourgeois (pronounced ˈbʊəʒwɑː) = (adjective) belonging to or typical of the middle class, especially in supporting existing customs and values, or in having a strong interest in money and possessions./// The Bourgeoisie (pronounced bʊəʒwɑːˈziː) = (in Marxism) the part of society, including employers and people who run large companies, that has most of the money and takes advantage of ordinary workers (^^) (A non-politically correct comment from me: today in most western countries the middle class tends to extinct; the only classes that remain are the wealthy and the lumpenproletariat (= in Marxist terminology is the unorganized and unpolitical lower orders of society who are not interested in revolutionary advancement).
· Floppy = (adjective) tending to flop or hang loosely. For floppy hair See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/a6/f4/b0/a6f4b09ab9f4bc08d0bd42e7e91cdf23.jpgand https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7157/13422140135_3a3b00eb72.jpg For a floppy hat See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/ec/76/fb/ec76fb5bd87d0478c57ae0b70000180e.jpg and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/0c/32/88/0c3288d230c1afccbe9bedc937122dee.jpg // e.g., Her dark floppy hair.// e.g., The floppy hat began life in 1982 as a standard white Gloucestershire sun hat./// (Noun) (Computer science) A flexible removable magnetic disk typically encased in a hard plastic shell for storing data. For a floppy drive See http://www.dvdyourmemories.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Floppy-Disc.jpg (Floppy is obsolete and doesn’t exist in modern computers) e.g., You can't have two hard drives and a floppy, nor can you have dual optical drives.
· Flop = (verb) (no object) (with adverbial) Fall, move, or hang in a loose and ungainly way. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rF5E4bzEqm8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIl5R5XSfCQ // e.g., His blond hair flopped over his eyes./// Sit or lie down heavily and suddenly, especially when very tired e.g., Mary flopped down into the armchair. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wg38CnIx2wM and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0v6WX7Ia-M //// (informal) Rest or sleep in a specified place e.g., ‘I'm going to flop here for the night.’/// (informal) (of a player) deliberately fall or stumble in order to give the appearance of having been fouled by an opponent. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fSlLdXNzPwandhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00EJJM3Uj9g // e.g., Nearly everyone watching the game in Chicago believed James flopped.// e.g., The league introduced a system to penalize flopping./// (informal) (of a performer or show) Be completely unsuccessful; fail totally e.g., The show flopped in London./// (Noun) A heavy, loose, and ungainly movement, or a sound made by it e.g., They hit the ground with a flop./// (informal) A total failure e.g., The play had been a flop.// e.g., She had boyfriends and lovers, but later admitted: ‘I've been a total flop with men.’ // e.g., A plan to import bicycles from Italy was a total flop./// (US English) (informal) A cheap place to sleep e.g., ‘Do you have a flop for the night?’
· Penalize (‘penalize’ in UK English) (pronounced ˈpiː.nəl.aɪz) = (verb) Subject to some form of penalty or punishment e.g., ‘You'll be penalized if you tap the account before age 59.’// e.g., High-spending councils will be penalized./// (in sports) Punish a player or team for a breach of the rules by awarding an advantage to the opposition e.g., The Scots appeared to be wrongly penalized when the umpire awarded Berlin a penalty corner./// (Law) Make or declare an act or offense legally punishable e.g., Section twelve penalizes possession of a firearm when trespassing./// At an unfair disadvantage e.g., If the bill is not amended genuine claimants will be penalized.
· Immaculate (pronounced ɪˈmakjʊlət) = (adjective) Perfectly clean, neat, or tidy e.g., An immaculate white suit./// Free from flaws or mistakes; perfect; flawless e.g., An immaculate safety record.// e.g., An immaculate conception./// (Roman Catholic Church) Free from sin e.g., That's why we're convinced that the pregnancy was an immaculate conception./// (Zoology; Botany) Uniformly colored without spots or other marks. See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/bd/2b/7f/bd2b7f9ff08141957d393aa145d2bbf2.jpg and https://i.pinimg.com/236x/ae/f8/d8/aef8d8c37f67982b073233095ba68d6c--orange-photos.jpg // e.g., Their immaculate feathers impervious to sleet and rain, a pair of white-capped albatross engage in affectionate courtship rituals.
· Horrendous = (adjective) Extremely unpleasant, horrifying, or terrible e.g., He suffered horrendous injuries.// e.g., Why do these criminals feel they can perpetrate such horrendous crimes and get away with it?
· Sleet (pronounced sliːt)(also called ‘freezing rain’) (it is not the same with ‘haze’) = (mass noun) Rain containing some ice, as when the snow melts as it falls. See http://www.abccolumbia.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Image4.jpg and https://i.ytimg.com/vi/AhQJV4qGelM/maxresdefault.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSS4xQNfmMs and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxrpHlR-B3o // e.g., Driving sleet and rain made conditions horrendous./// (US English) A thin coating of ice formed by sleet or rain freezing on coming into contact with a cold surface e.g., They're pretty slick from the sleet that's built up./// (Verb) (no object) ''It sleets", "it is sleeting'', etc. = sleet falls e.g., ‘It was sleeting so hard we could barely see.’
· Hail (pronounced heɪl) = (mass noun) Pellets of frozen rain which fall in showers from cumulonimbus clouds. See http://discovermagazine.com/~/media/Images/Issues/2013/Jan-Feb/hail-hands.jpg For a hail storm See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG_orGqMKV8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EPP1wDJiWk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6JbU0dIq70E For a golf ball sized hail storm See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTFCMUg20JU and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f__GeNHsJ0g // e.g., Rain and hail bounced on the tiled roof.// e.g., These kinds of storms can produce rain, hail snow, thunder and lightning.// (in singular) A large number of things hurled forcefully through the air e.g., A hail of bullets.// e.g., If attackers do pop up, a hail of 10 mm projectiles can be fired at them in seconds./// A shout or call used to attract attention e.g., The Radar has just entered out jurisdiction and is not responding to our hails.// e.g., He looked at the view screen awaiting a response to the hails./// (verb; no object) ''It hails", "it is hailing, etc. = hail falls e.g., ‘It hailed so hard we had to stop.’/// (with adverbial of direction) (of a large number of objects) Fall or be hurled forcefully e.g., Missiles and bombs hail down from the sky./// (verb with object) Call out to someone to attract attention e.g., ‘I hailed him in English.’ // e.g., They cheerfully hailed us in Dari, then Urdu, then broken English./// Signal an approaching taxi to stop e.g., He raised his hand to hail a cab.// e.g., A man who looks like a business executive talks into a mobile phone as he tries to hail a taxi./// (verb with object) Praise someone or something enthusiastically e.g., He has been hailed as the new James Dean.// e.g., Both shows are hailed as great by some and hated by others./// Hail from = (verb; no object) Have one’s home or origins in a place e.g., They hail from Bulgaria.// e.g., Humble origin and hailing from a small town of Kakinada do not appear to deter him.
· Hurl = (transitive verb) To throw something with a lot of force, usually an angrily or violently. For protesters hurling stones See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHm_ZsZdrR0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p735Ctl2Pb4 // e.g., In a fit of temper he hurled the book across the room.// e.g., Youths hurled stones at the soldiers (^^).
· Cumulonimbus (pronounced ˌkjuːmjʊləʊˈnɪmbəs) calvus= (noun) A large, tall type of cumulus cloud that is often dark and brings heavy rain or thunderstorm. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0a/Cumulonimbus_incus_cloud_Jan2008.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Cumulonimbus_seen_from_Milano-Malpensa_airport%2C_2010_08.JPG/1200px-Cumulonimbus_seen_from_Milano-Malpensa_airport%2C_2010_08.JPG
· Cumulus clouds = (noun) A type of tall, white cloud with a wide, flat base and rounded shape. See http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/gallery/mohippo/images/migrated-image/a/cumulus2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/GoldenMedows.jpg/1200px-GoldenMedows.jpg
· Slick = (adjective) Done or operating in an impressively smooth and efficient way e.g., Rangers have been entertaining crowds with a slick passing game.// e.g., From a corporate sense, this is a slick piece of work./// Smooth and superficially impressive but insincere or shallow e.g., The brands are backed by slick advertising.// e.g., A salesperson may be viewed as a slick confidence trickster./// (of skin or hair) Smooth and glossy. For slicked back hair See https://smhttp-ssl-33667.nexcesscdn.net/manual/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/slicked-back-hair-for-men.jpg and http://media.gq.com/photos/5659d6b2d85c87f60f7abd94/16:9/pass/david-beckham-slick-back-hair.jpg // e.g., A dandy-looking dude with a slick black ponytail./// (of a surface) Smooth, wet, and slippery e.g., He tumbled back against the slick, damp wall.
· Glossy = (adjective) Smooth and shiny. For glossy hair See https://media.allure.com/photos/57719a848d432b9e20f90918/master/pass/beauty-trends-blogs-daily-beauty-reporter-2013-11-22-glossy-hair.jpg and http://healthyandstylish.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Know-about-Golden-Rules-for-Glossy-Hair-702x336.jpg For glossy paper See https://4.imimg.com/data4/DR/JV/MY-12272918/glossy-art-paper-250x250.jpg and https://images.uprinting.com/article_pages/Large-format-poster-glossy-videopic.jpg // e.g., She has wonderfully glossy hair.// e.g., A dog with a glossy coat (^^).
· Somersault = (noun) A rolling movement or jump, either forwards (also called front flip) or backward (also called backflip (1 word), in which you turn completely, with your body above your head, and finish with your head on top again. For somersault (gymnastics) See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVcBObTH6Ss and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jclkAJGR9Mg For a front flip See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VXR2h83one8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f9u3PIJdMHY For a backflip (one word) See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0JRgPly-L3U and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltho8_PzC2U /// (intransitive verb) e.g., The bus plunged down the embankment, somersaulted twice and finally landed on its side (^^).
· Embankment = (noun) An artificial slope made of earth and/or stones. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Embankment_1_%28PSF%29.png/1200px-Embankment_1_%28PSF%29.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Obernau_embankment_dam_Brauersdorf.JPG and http://civilengineersforum.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/embankment.jpg // e.g., There are 140,000 addresses in Hull relying on walls and embankments to prevent flooding every day of the year.
· Weld (vs) Wield
· Weld = (verb) Join together metal pieces or parts by heating the surfaces to the point of melting using a blowtorch, electric arc, or other means, and uniting them by pressing, hammering, etc. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/GMAW.welding.af.ncs.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQtQenmz7io and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WSnj8AASuFs // e.g., The truck had spikes welded to the back./// Cause to combine and form a harmonious or effective whole e.g., His efforts to weld together the religious parties ran into trouble.// e.g., Cross-curricular themes would weld the curriculum together./// (noun) A welded joint e.g., This process is quite common for making welds for making watertight joints for tanks, etc./// A widely distributed plant related to mignonette, yielding a yellow dye. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Reseda_lutea1.jpg and http://www.wildcolours.co.uk/assets/images/autogen/a_natural-dye-plant-weld-0251.jpg
· Wield (pronounced wiːld) = (verb with object) to hold a weapon or tool and looks as if you are going to use it e.g., He was confronted by a man wielding a knife.// e.g., A masked raider wielding a handgun./// Wield influence, power etc. = to have a lot of influence or power over other people e.g., He still wields enormous influence in politics ((*) except the 2nd example).
· Welder (pronounced ˈwel.dər ) = (noun) a person who welds (weld = join together metal pieces or parts by heating the surfaces to the point of melting using a blowtorch, electric arc, or other means, and uniting them by pressing, hammering, etc.) metal. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/AlfredPalmerwelder1.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C8JbY9rmgc8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlOEBAIkmwg // e.g., He worked as a welder in a steel factory.// e.g., The fire appears to have started well above the area worked on by the welder.// e.g., The people losing technical jobs aren’t welders who can take a few weeks of retraining to move from steel to titanium.
· Blowtorch (pronounced ˈbləʊtɔːtʃ) (or blowlamp (UK English, rare or archaic)) = (noun) a portable device producing a hot flame which can be directed on to a surface, typically to burn off paint. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Blowtorch.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Aa_butaneblowlamp.jpg and (propane torch) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Aa_propaneblowlamp_00.jpg and (constructor) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Construction_of_a_crosswalk_using_polymer_modified_cement_slurry.jpg and (gas torch) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZehvWr84No and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELIcsaY1RzA and (gasoline) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EW1P75AK0aY // e.g., No matter how hot a blowtorch burns, it doesn’t shed (or cast) much light.// e.g., In others, he burns an old computer with a blowtorch and demonstrates the safe way to smash a monitor.
· Welfare = (noun) Help given, especially by the state or government or an organization, to people who need it, especially because they don’t have enough money e.g., The national fund pays for welfare benefits such as unemployment and sickness pay.// (UK English) e.g., After his months’ sick leave, he was summoned to see the company’s welfare officer (^^).
· Trickster = (noun) a person who cheats or deceives people e.g., Good magicians are good tricksters and good tricksters can fool the smartest of people.// e.g., The budding scientists of today will need to prepare themselves to do battle with silliness, impostors, tricksters, and fraudsters.
· Impostor (or ‘imposter’) = (noun) A person who pretends to be someone else in order to deceive others, especially for fraudulent gain. Synonym = impersonator.// e.g., The charity has warned anyone approached by the impostor to contact police immediately.// e.g., He turned detective, tracked down the impostor and called the police.
· Trophy (pronounced ˈtrəʊfi) = (noun) a cup or other decorative object awarded as a prize for a victory or success. For prize trophy See https://cdn4.iconfinder.com/data/icons/X-Mac/business/png/400/trophy.png and https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/z/1st-prize-trophy-28564924.jpg // e.g., The winners will receive a special trophy, with rosettes awarded to the runners-up.//// A souvenir of an achievement, especially a part of an animal taken when hunting. For hunting trophy/ trophy animals See http://s.hswstatic.com/gif/hunting-trophies-1.jpg and http://victoryoutdoormedia.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/DSC_0162.jpg // e.g., It is rooted in providing a hunting opportunity, getting trophies for walls and rugs for floors./// (in ancient Greece or ancient Rome) The weapons of a defeated army set up as a memorial of victory. See https://i.pinimg.com/originals/cd/49/24/cd492427f8f54cf33e6f7178bae95fac.jpg and https://i.pinimg.com/originals/f3/af/08/f3af0844a4e528a5e005af29f9f2b693.jpg // e.g., The Temple of Zeus itself was funded by a military campaign, and its entablature was adorned with Spartan military trophies.
· Zeus (pronounced zjuːs) = Jupiter.
· Saturn (pronounced ˈsæt.ən) = the planet 6th in order of distance from the sun, after Jupiter, and before Uranus./// The Greek god Cronus (^^).
· Precipice (pronounced ˈpres.ɪ.pɪs) = (noun) A very steep rock face or cliff, especially a tall one. See http://www.theviralcafe.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/A-selfie-at-the-edge-of-the-precipice.jpg and http://www.corrections.com/system/article/image/31684/Precipice.jpg and http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/definitions/lg/12540.precipice.jpg and https://bdn-data.s3.amazonaws.com/blogs.dir/38/files/2014/10/precipice1014-9.jpg and https://pre00.deviantart.net/0827/th/pre/i/2013/047/1/5/the_precipice_by_thenulator-d5v5pn5.jpg // e.g., We swerved toward the edge of the precipice.// A dangerous situation that could lead to harm or failure (figurative) e.g., The latest tax increase may push many small companies over the financial precipice (^^ for the 2nd definition and this example).// e.g., That duty is even more urgent when the council is edging towards a financial precipice.
· Shredder (pronounced ˈʃred.ə(r) = (noun) A tool or machine that is used for cutting things into tiny pieces. For a paper shredder See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NVSQZqZvt0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JCC31i98Ek and http://www.newyorker.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Cantor-Paper-Shredder1-1200.jpg and https://shredderwizard.com/wp-content/uploads/featured-howtochoose.jpg For a vegetable shredder See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfwnuPqahgk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TU9zv1c08rk and https://is.alicdn.com/img/pb/488/606/109/109606488_496.jpg and http://www.amitshallmark.com/content/images/thumbs/0014899_dash-go-salad-chef-vegetable-shredder.jpeg // e.g., A paper/ document/ vegetable shredder (^^).
· Shred = (verb) Strip of some material, such as paper, cloth, or food, that has been torn, cut, or scraped from something larger. See http://www.timeshred.com/images/shreds.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfwnuPqahgk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-NVSQZqZvt0 // e.g., Her beautiful dress was torn to shreds.// (Verb) Tear or cut into shreds e.g., Shredded cabbage.
· Shroud (pronounced shraʊd) = (noun) a length of cloth or an enveloping garment in which a dead person is wrapped for burial. See http://www.naturaldeath.org.uk/uploads/images/Shroud-with-primroses.jpg and http://www.oregonwoodcaskets.com/shroud%2001%20web.jpg // e.g., He was buried in a linen shroud./// (technical) A protective casing or cover e.g., The trigger shroud prevents snagging on clothing./// A thing that envelops or obscures something e.g., A shroud of mist e.g., They operate behind a shroud of secrecy./// Shrouds = a set of ropes forming part of the standing rigging of a sailing boat and supporting the mast or topmast. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Diagram_of_shrouds_on_a_16th-century_tall_ship.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/Sailingboat-lightning-num.svg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Diagram_of_shrouds_on_a_16th-century_tall_ship.jpg and https://www.glen-l.com/free-book/rig4-4.jpg // e.g., No one saw the slightly built seaman come on deck and begin to climb the shrouds of the main mast./// Each of the lines joining the canopy of a parachute to the harness. See https://fruitychutes.com/images/chute_drawing.jpg and http://stratocat.com.ar/stratopedia/imgs/parachute.jpg // e.g., He cut the shroud lines and tied them to a couple of trees to mark a spot that could be seen from the air.//// (verb with object) Wrap or dress a dead body in a shroud for burial e.g., The (dead) body was washed and shrouded./// Cover or envelope so as to conceal from view e.g., Mountains shrouded by cloud.// e.g., The mystery which shrouds the origins of the universe.
· Burial (pronounced ˈber.i.əl) = (noun) The act of putting a dead body into the ground, or the ceremony connected with this e.g., We went back to Ireland for my uncle’s burial (^^).
· Canopy (pronounced ˈkanəpi) = (noun) an ornamental cloth covering hung or held up over something, especially a throne or bed. // For canopy bed See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Qhwq4L-Le8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdTPpYMwHjk and https://st.hzcdn.com/fimgs/1a81714f0e17e5ca_2435-w500-h666-b0-p0--traditional-bedroom.jpg For throne canopy See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1vr8BUIda1Q and https://doubtfulsea.files.wordpress.com/2017/10/image13thronecanopy.jpg?w=529 and https://satnavandcider.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/hardwick-hall-throne-5289-600x800.jpg // e.g., A romantic four-poster bed complete with drapes and a canopy.// (figurative) A full moon and a canopy of stars./// (Architecture) A roof-like projection or shelter. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/StmartinMM.JPG and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/a8/f7/ea/a8f7ea88b79a6d94ab09a6f3438eaecc.jpg and https://static1.squarespace.com/static/518a9d87e4b0288d5ff8b768/51ad44afe4b075fa535edb5e/54da2fc5e4b0a3eedeec597c/1423585222331/02_WY_Canopy.jpg // e.g., They mounted the station steps under the concrete canopy./// The transparent plastic or glass cover of an aircraft's cockpit. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/View_from_the_cockpit_of_a_Hawk_TMK1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/F-22_cockpit_close-up.jpg/300px-F-22_cockpit_close-up.jpg and http://www.racecar-engineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/upF16.jpg // e.g., The ejection seat will not fire until the canopy has departed the aircraft.// /// The expanding, umbrella-like part of a parachute, made of silk or nylon. See https://fruitychutes.com/images/chute_drawing.jpg and http://stratocat.com.ar/stratopedia/imgs/parachute.jpg and https://s.hswstatic.com/gif/skydiving-10.jpg and https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/74/62974-004-BF600EA7.gif // e.g., He is like a parachutist whose canopy has spread around her.// // (in singular) The uppermost branches of the trees in a forest, forming a more or less continuous layer of foliage. For a rainforest canopy See http://cdn.neonsky.com/4bd5ec0079abc/images/MM7441-081118-06403-2.jpg and http://mongabay-images.s3.amazonaws.com/780/peru/Manu_1024_3062.jpg and http://discovermagazine.com/~/media/Images/Issues/2015/Dec/canopy.jpg // e.g., Woolly monkeys spend hours every day sitting high in the canopy./// (verb with object)/ (usually as adjective canopied) = cover or provide with a canopy e.g., A canopied bed.// e.g., The river was canopied by overhanging trees.
· Foliage (pronounced ˈfəʊlɪɪdʒ) = (noun) The leaves of a plant or tree or leaves on the stems or branches on which they are growing. See https://previews.123rf.com/images/olivier26/olivier261204/olivier26120400040/13357554-tree-with-green-foliage-grass-and-red-poppies-flowers-over-white-background-Stock-Photo.jpg and http://www.cepolina.com/photo/nature/trees/trees-mix/5/tree-foliage.jpg // e.g., Healthy green foliage.
· Harness (pronounced ˈhɑː.nəs) = (noun) a set of straps and fittings by which a horse or other draught animal is fastened to a cart, plow, etc. and is controlled by its driver. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Harness_%28PSF%29.png/300px-Harness_%28PSF%29.png and http://www.ukstudentlife.com/Ideas/Album/HarnessHorseParade/Horse16.jpg // e.g., With driving time at a premium, modern carriages and synthetic harnesses make life a lot easier./// An arrangement of straps for fastening something such as a parachute to a person's body or for restraining a young child. For parachute harness See http://www.coatsindustrial.com/en/images/Outdoor%20Goods%20and%20Sports%20Equipment%20-%20Parachute%20Harnesses_tcm35-5470.jpg and http://image.sportsmansguide.com/adimgs/l/1/130658i_ts.jpg and for child–to adult–safety harness See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Safety1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Child_Harness_%28Standard_Harness%29.png and http://www.childharness.ca/images/dog/2boys.jpg and http://i5.walmartimages.ca/images/Large/576/2_1/1375762_1.jpg and http://www.childharness.ca/images/2chest_strap/7yrold_hiking.jpg For a horse harness See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Harness_%28PSF%29.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Horse_harness_closeup.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Krakowcarriagehorsesalpha.jpg For a safety harness (for workers climbing on a building) See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Harness_-_01.jpg For a climbing harness See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Klim_gordel.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Harness_-_01.jpg // e.g., There was no gravity inside the small pod, so the two survivors were strapped into harnesses to keep from floating around./// (verb with object) Put a harness on a horse or other draught animal e.g., To groom a horse and harness it.// e.g., The horse was harnessed to two long shafts./// Control and make use of natural resources, especially to produce energy e.g., Attempts to harness solar energy.// e.g., It is designed to harness the energy contained in ocean waves to produce electricity.// (figurative) e.g., Projects that harness the creativity of those living in the ghetto.// e.g., They speculated that uranium perhaps could be harnessed to replace coal or oil as a fuel for industrial power plants./// ‘In harness’ = a) (phrase) (of a horse or other animal) used for driving or draught work e.g., Colts (colt = a young male horse under the age of 4 (^^)) are worked in harness alongside an experienced horse. b) (phrase) In the routine of daily work e.g., He was a man who died in harness far beyond the normal age of retirement./// c) So as to achieve something together e.g., The local and central government should work in harness.
· Draught (pronounced drɑːft) (draft in US English) = a current of unpleasantly cold air blowing through a room e.g., Heavy curtains at the windows cut out draught.// e.g., A draught from an opened window crawled through the apartment, rustling papers and the leaves of plants./// (of animals) Used for pulling heavy loads, vehicles etc. See http://www.vet.ed.ac.uk/ctvm/Research/images/level1-1.jpg and http://www.cirad.fr/var/cirad/storage/images/site-cirad.fr/qui-sommes-nous/le-cirad-dans-le-monde/afrique-de-l-ouest-zone-seche/15223-4-fre-FR/west-africa-dry-zone_lightbox.jpg For a draft horse See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Logging_in_the_Larch_wood.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Wadworths.dray.in.devizes.arp.jpg //e.g., A draught horse (^^)./// The depth of water needed for a boat to be able to float./// Draughts (or checkers in US English) A board game./// (for drinks such as beer) stored in and served from large containers, especially barrels e.g., Draughts beer/ lager/cider ((^^) except the 2 first examples).
· Snag = (noun) an unexpected or hidden obstacle or drawback e.g., ‘The only snag was my season ticket wasn't valid on their network.’// e.g., Golf simulations have hit a snag in recent years, as very few of them have shown the ability to improve on versions from previous years significantly./// A sharp, angular, or jagged projection. See https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2841/33875709281_11fa71937a_m.jpg and https://farm3.static.flickr.com/2881/33963821496_96c55a6446_m.jpg // e.g., Eventually, I spotted a bird perched atop a snag far below me.’ // e.g., ‘We found that larger snags had indeed higher densities of wood-boring beetle larva entrance holes than smaller snags’./// A rent or tear in fabric caused by a snag. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jox8WGbhpL8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1XtXLDe5L0 // e.g., A blunt needle can cause snags, holes or runs in seams and topstitching./// (US English) A dead tree e.g., Dozens of species of birds and mammals use standing snags for nesting./// (verb with object) Catch or tear something on a sharp projection e.g., Thorns snagged his sweater.// (verb; no object) Become caught on a sharp projection e.g., Radio aerials snagged on bushes and branches./// (US English) (informal) Catch or obtain e.g., It is the first time they've snagged the star for a photo.
· Rent = (verb) past simple and p.p. of ‘rend.’// (noun) a large tear in a piece of fabric e.g., George was dismayed by the rent in the roof of the tent.// (figurative) e.g., They stared at the rents in the clouds.// e.g., He walked the edge of a yawning hole tearing a rent across the earth (ground).// e.g., There was a large rent in his parachute (^^^ for the last example).
· Rend = (transitive verb) (Rend – rended (US English) or rent – rended (US English) or rent) To tear or break something violently e.g., With one stroke of his sword he rent his enemy’s helmet in two!/// (figurative) e.g., A terrifying scream rent the air./// (+ adjective) e.g., Firefighters (1 word) had to rend him free of (= pull him out of) the burning car (^^).
· Bereavement = (mass noun) The action or condition of being bereaved. Synonym = loss.// e.g., There is no right way to experience bereavement.// (countable noun) e.g., The family suffered a sad bereavement.
· Wail = (noun) A prolonged high-pitched cry of pain, grief, or anger. For a wailing woman See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8yDZ_X7mys and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VtBwSZ3LNI For a dog’s wail https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBDrREj2pAU and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqblEijFwWY // e.g., Tom let out a wail./// A prolonged high-pitched sound e.g., The wail of an air-raid siren.// (verb; no object) Utter (= say/ make a sound with your voice (^^)) a wail e.g., Tina ran off wailing.// (with direct speech) e.g., ‘But why?’ she wailed./// Make a prolonged high-pitched sound e.g., The wind wailed and buffeted the timber structure.// e.g., Wailing sirens.// (literary) (verb with object) Manifest or feel deep sorrow for; lament e.g., She wailed her wretched life.
· Weeping willow = a species of willow native to dry areas of northern China, but cultivated for millennia elsewhere in Asia, being traded along the Silk Road to southwest Asia and Europe (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Salix_babylonica_Tehran_User_Alborzagos.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Wollman_Weeping_Willows_turning_jeh.jpg
· Buffet (pronounced ˈbʊfeɪ) = (noun) a meal consisting of several dishes from which guests serve themselves.// (as modifier) e.g. A cold buffet lunch./// A room or counter in a station, hotel, or other public building selling light meals or snacks. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/1955_-_Americus_Hotel_Buffet.jpg and https://static2.tripoto.com/media/filter/l/img/256471/TripDocument/1461053991_2014619113333436269.jpg and https://www.santaanastar.com/admin/uploads/buffet.jpg // e.g., It tasted as if it had sat on a railway-station buffet for weeks./// (UK English) A railway carriage selling light meals or snacks./// (US English) Sideboard e.g., Peter moved to the buffet and withdrew several linen napkins./// A cabinet with shelves and drawers for keeping dinnerware and table linens; a sideboard. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Anrichte-Kempinski.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQn2sEBBSRk and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A0VIzI626Cw // e.g., She moved to the buffet and withdrew several linen napkins./// A blow, typically of the hand or fist. For the buffet of a new knight See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kp_QTJV2ChQ and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zGnwy_zOwc and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sT50WlTKdfM&list=PLkabqKbOJMGcYIyr1o5VyqFpMg6vIGV5q&index=5 // e.g., ‘Smoothly, as he followed after me, I had a mind to turn about and deal him a buffet on the face, to see if I could but draw one angry word from him.’//// (verb) (Especially of wind or waves) strike repeatedly and violently; batter. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-gcHRTOAfA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAOuNcAtrYU // e.g., The rough seas buffeted the coast.
· Sideboard (UK English) (sideburn in US English). = (noun) a strip of hair grown by a man down each side of the face in front of his ears. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Ambrose_Burnside2.jpg and https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7B3QM-9JTnS2QMUdWDZFiB9RpVfBGasiLIrAM891SVNybi729omomCtuyPgzA112xCoX7m7PNmIx87GqCvZOkKcQjApespoBryy-m4Xb0k6B5Ml2mFn_EM6oD19V9gEN-FbRulqDDg1k/s640/465px-Ambrose_Burnside_-_retouched.jpg and http://www.thepublicprofessor.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Martin-van-Buren.jpg // e.g., Bushy sideboards and a moustache (or mustache)./// A board forming the side, or a part of the side, of a structure, especially a removable board at the side of a cart or lorry. See http://www.rb-engineering.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/IMG_0269.jpg and https://cdn.instructables.com/FU4/2TZA/HX42RMT8/FU42TZAHX42RMT8.MEDIUM.jpg /// A flat-topped piece of furniture with cupboards and drawers, placed along a wall and used for storing dishes, glasses, and table linen. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Anrichte-Kempinski.jpg and http://d2kz53n3bzvihv.cloudfront.net/media/gbu0/prodxxl/tokyo-natural-solid-oak-large-sideboard-55d6ede5911bf.jpg and http://www.antiquefurnituremart.com/store/secure/images/products/74620.JPG and http://andersen-furniture.com/media/1420/sideboard-12.jpg // e.g., In the end, the right wall only displayed an antique sideboard, the china cupboard, a quaint old rocking chair Brianna couldn't bear to part with and a bookshelf.
· Sideburn (US English) (‘sideboard’ in UK English) = (noun) a strip of hair grown by a man down each side of the face in front of his ears. See https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7B3QM-9JTnS2QMUdWDZFiB9RpVfBGasiLIrAM891SVNybi729omomCtuyPgzA112xCoX7m7PNmIx87GqCvZOkKcQjApespoBryy-m4Xb0k6B5Ml2mFn_EM6oD19V9gEN-FbRulqDDg1k/s640/465px-Ambrose_Burnside_-_retouched.jpg and http://www.thepublicprofessor.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Martin-van-Buren.jpg and https://johnblakeswigs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/long-sideburn.jpeg // e.g., He kept his small mustache and sideburns neatly trimmed.
· Seam (pronounced siːm) = (noun) a line where two pieces of fabric are sewn together in a garment or other article. See http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-aCUmJ8wS1CA/U1K2okVIVvI/AAAAAAAAOiU/6ph1tImfDTY/s1600/Twisted+legs+in+jeans.jpg and http://abeautifulmess.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8358081ff69e20167609b6754970b-800wi // e.g., Cut two pieces of terry cloth, each as wide as the chair, plus 1-inch seam allowances./// A line where the edges of two pieces of wood, wallpaper, or another material touch each other. See http://www.imageafter.com/dbase/textures/fabrics/b19fabrics019.jpg // eg., The task involved clamping the panels into position and arc welding a seam to join theme./// A long thin indentation or scar. See http://qsota.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Methods-of-correction-of-the-scar-after-cesarean-section.jpg and http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4051/4429683865_9f930ef235.jpg and http://www.funkybunnies3d.com/oldtutorials/images/removeSeams/tfrmpsstep1_big.jpg and https://giftcolony.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Bichun-992.jpg and http://www.ladyfrontbum.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/exampleofbumpmap.png // e.g., The track cleaves a seam through corn./// An underground layer of a mineral such as coal or gold. For coal seam See http://energyeducation.ca/wiki/images/2/28/640px-Coal_seam.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Coal_Seam_at_Coal_Mine.png // e.g., The buried forests became seams of coal./// A supply of something valuable e.g., Sunderland (team) has a rich seam of experienced players.// e.g., ‘On his mother's side of my family, I found a further rich seam of history.’/// A trace or presence of something e.g., There is a seam of despondency (= unhappy, with no hope or enthusiasm (^^)) in his words.// (verb) Join with a seam e.g., It can be used for seaming garments./// (as adjective seamed) = make a long, narrow indentation in e.g., Men in middle age have seamed faces.// For seamed face See http://laffittejacky.40-64.pagesperso-orange.fr/oeuvre/new/sbon.jpg and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/94/45/dd/9445ddc8b6edd98c08983dd48fe0725f.jpg /// ‘Bursting (or bulging) at the seams’ = (phrase) (informal) (of a place or building) Full to overflowing e.g., Because the hotel was bursting at the seams everyone had to double up./// ‘Come (or fall) apart at the seams’ = (phrase) (informal (of a person or system) Be in a very poor condition and near to collapse e.g., The attitude of the airport guard was symptomatic of a system falling apart at the seams.
· Pendant = (noun) a piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain worn around the neck. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Amber.pendants.800pix.050203.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Memmingen_-_Wallenstein_2016_-_Ringsonnenuhr.jpg and https://img1.etsystatic.com/049/1/6244698/il_340x270.724127145_5nfh.jpg and https://guideimg.alibaba.com/images/shop/105/02/11/9/fn-5478-adjustable-brown-fox-leather-necklace-w-tribal-resin-pendant-titi-design_594379.jpg and http://delsnantuckets.com/assets/images/gifts%20%20gear/nantucket-basket-of-flowers-pendant-gold-3.jpg // e.g., A jade-green pendant on a gold chain./// A necklace with a pendant e.g., ‘I slipped the pendant over my neck.’/// (pendant light) A light designed to hang from the ceiling (pendant light). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/PH-Lampan_1.jpg and https://www.bunnings.co.nz/-/media/nz/diy-advice-house-nz/articles/home%20improvement/lighting/bun_ind_pendant_range2_407_header.jpg and https://images.static.worldstores.co/images/products/SS/34/Linea_Verdace_Bolla_Vetro_Medium_Ceiling_Pendant_Light_A_SS_1.jpg?i10c=img.resize(width:245,height:245) // e.g., Decorative pendants may need a special ceiling fitting./// The part of a pocket watch by which it is suspended. See https://s7d9.scene7.com/is/image/NationalGeographic/2003815 and http://www.braithwaitesjewellery.co.uk/images/products/main/fp180.jpg // e.g., He closed the pendant and tenderly tucked it into his pocket./// A short rope hanging from the head of a ship's mast, yardarm, or clew of a sail, used for attaching tackles. See https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0wMmqZBnSoVRIhz8rIMEk7oe_BOflE2Umn4UxS6LMeWNhfsXZOLEnnAwO_EO9LSFbBPWXjzG9g3w53DBWFwnVc44ssBMpOaxdG31LLAe6ebDoTggzXN1qyRJycKQMWL834Y6Od4nR4lcg/s400/Rigging.jpg // e.g., They are trained to locate, detect and attach recovery pendants in deep water./// An artistic, literary, or musical composition intended to match or complement another./// (Nautical) A tapering flag (‘pennant flag’ is a better term and it is described below)./// (adjective) Hanging downwards; pendent e.g., Pendant flowers on delicate stems.
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· Pennant flag (not ‘pendant’) = a flag denoting a sports championship or other achievement. See http://signanatomy.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/SB_Pennant_Triangle_DB.jpg /// A tapering flag on a ship, especially one flown at the masthead of a vessel in commission. See http://www.flags.net/images/largeflags/UNKG6007.GIF and https://cdn3.volusion.com/hvmsn.fztlw/v/vspfiles/photos/parent-030-1109-2.jpg?1395128325 ).
· Mast = (noun) a tall upright post, spar, or other structure on a ship or boat, in sailing vessels generally carrying a sail or sails e.g., They cut the mast and sails loose and watched as it vanished into the depths below.// See http://m.rgbimg.com/cache1o4X1l/users/b/be/berenika/600/monRX2w.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Mast_zelikvor.jpg /// A tall upright post on land, especially a flagpole or a television or radio transmitter. See https://archive.is/SAKfv/9f1a5fbb69b59b54d7214e87eb5fd2b6e53abfe7.jpg and http://www.mds975.co.uk/masts/Morecambebay/morecambebay05.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Transmitter_mast_img_2993.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/De_Reflektormast_zu_Maarnech.jpg/220px-De_Reflektormast_zu_Maarnech.jpg // e.g., It concluded that there was no evidence showing transmitter masts threatened people's health - but no evidence that they didn't! /// ‘Before the mast’ = (phrase) (historical) Serving as an ordinary seaman in a sailing ship quartered in the forecastle e.g., He had sailed before the mast in a windjammer.// ‘Nail (or pin) one's colors to the mast’ = (phrase) declare one's beliefs or intentions openly e.g., They nailed their colors to the mast of youth revolt./// (mass noun) The fruit of beech, oak, chestnut, and other forest trees, especially as food for pigs. See http://www.mast-producing-trees.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/persimmon.jpg // e.g., At each mast episode, the numbers rose, then fell sharply as the young seedlings died.
· Flagpole (or flagstaff) = (noun) a long pole that a flag is fastened to (^^). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Flagpole%2C_Kew_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_227188.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Dannebrog_isams%C3%B8.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/ASEAN_Flags.jpg
· Flap = (verb with object) (of a bird) move its wings up and down when flying or preparing to fly. For bird flapping See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nyf79SI0U9Q and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSzpM8vEAFA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHT0wlM0xGQ // e.g., A pheasant flapped its wings./// (verb no object) e.g., Gulls flapped around uttering their strange cries./// (verb no object) (of something loosely fastened) Flutter or wave around. For a flag flapping See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Memphis_Tigers_Flag_video_2011-02-20.theora.ogv/Memphis_Tigers_Flag_video_2011-02-20.theora.ogv.480p.webm // e.g., Lines of washing flapped in the wind./// Move something up and down or to and fro e.g., He flapped the envelope in front of my face./// (verb with object and adverbial of direction) Strike at something loosely, especially to drive it away e.g., ‘He flapped my hands away as he sat up.’/// (UK English) (informal) (verb; no object) Be agitated or panicky e.g., ‘It's all right, Mother, don't flap!’/// (noun) A thin, flat piece of cloth, paper, metal, etc. that is hinged or attached on one side only and covers an opening or hangs down from something. For an envelope flap See http://www.digitalmarketing1.com/images/envelope.jpg and https://s3.amazonaws.com/static.lcipaper.com/img/blog/old-world-euro-flap-envelope.jpg // e.g., The flap of the envelope.// e.g., He pushed through the tent flap./// A hinged or sliding section of an aircraft wing used to control lift. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Easyjet_a319_wing_g-ezav_arp.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/A_fully_extended_flap.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Airfoil_lift_improvement_devices_%28flaps%29.png // e.g., Flaps (of an aircraft) are normally moved by the hydraulics./// (surgery) A surgical technique involving the movement of vascularized tissue (***** for this definition). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Erichsen_Flap.jpg // An act of flapping something, typically a wing or arm, up and down or from side to side. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHT0wlM0xGQ and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTTxLy7gMEA // e.g., The surviving bird made a few final despairing flaps./// (informal in singular) A state of agitation; a panic e.g., ‘Your Gran was in a flap, worrying she’d put her foot in it.’ /// A large broad mushroom./// (Phonetics) A type of consonant produced by allowing the tip of the tongue to strike the palate very briefly.
· Controversy (pronounced ˈkɒn.trə.vɜː.si or kənˈtrɒv.ə.si) = (noun) a lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually because it affects or is important to many people e.g., There was a big controversy surrounding/ over the use of drugs in athletics.// e.g., The police have caused heated / fierce controversy ever since it was introduced (^^).
· Seedling = (noun) A very young plant that has grown from a seed. For a plant seedling See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Monocot_vs_dicot_crop_Pengo.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Seedlings.gif and http://dingo.care2.com/pictures/greenliving/uploads/2011/05/plant-seedling.jpg and http://images.all-free-download.com/images/graphiclarge/holding_the_picture_of_plant_seedling_169093.jpg (^^) // e.g., ‘Plant a seedling next to each stake, and as the seedlings grow, coax them up the twine.’// ‘Raise the seedlings in the greenhouse’ (^^^ for the last example).
· Dutiable goods
· Neutral is pronounced ˈnjuː.trəl
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