· Tuxedo (pronounced tʌkˈsiːdəʊ) (plural = tuxedos or tuxedoes) = (US English) A man's dinner jacket./// A suit of formal evening clothes including a tuxedo. See https://combatgent6.imgix.net/attachments/56e99f96681af00006000001/large.jpg?1458151317 and http://www.prestigetuxedo.com/assets/michael_kors_prestige_tuxedo_prom_2016.jpg e.g., He was wearing a black tuxedo with a tie.
· Toad (not the same with a frog, but similar to it!) = (noun) a tailless amphibian with a short, stout body and short legs, typically having dry, warty skin that can exude poison. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Bombina_bombina_1_%28Marek_Szczepanek%29.jpg and https://nature.mdc.mo.gov/sites/default/files/styles/centered_full/public/media/images/2010/05/american_toad.jpg?itok=glgYynGJ /// (metaphorically) (informal) an extremely unpleasant man, especially one who is not very physically attractive e.g., ‘You lying toad!’
· Exude (pronounced ɪɡˈzjuːd) = (verb with object) Discharge moisture or a smell slowly and steadily e.g., The beetle exudes a caustic liquid.// e.g., ‘I imagined she'd smell of fresh plastic-wrapped computer components for some weird reason and was surprised by the clean, human smell she exuded./// (verb; no object) (Of moisture or a smell) be discharged by something slowly and steadily e.g., Slime exudes from the fungus.// e.g., Warm tea exudes slowly from the glass into the chicken, adding fragrance to the chicken./// (Of a person) display emotion or quality strongly and openly e.g., Mr. Smith exuded friendship and goodwill./// (Of a place) have a strong atmosphere of e.g., The building exudes an air of tranquility.
· Slime = (mass noun) An unpleasantly thick and slippery liquid substance. See https://www.momdot.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/homemade-fluffy-slime.jpg and https://filemagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/slime.jpg // e.g., The cold stone was wet with slime.// e.g., Those biofilms are the slippery slime that you sometimes find on your carrots if you leave them too long in your refrigerator drawer./// Biofilm (= aggregate of microorganisms in which cells adhere to each other and/or to a surface). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Staphylococcus_aureus_biofilm_01.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Iridescent_biofilm_on_a_fishtank.JPG /// (verb with object) Cover with slime e.g., What grass remained was slimed over with pale brown mud.
· Tranquility = (noun) The quality or state of being tranquil; calm; peacefulness e.g., Passing cars are the only noise that disturbs the tranquility of rural life.
· Tranquil (pronounced ˈtræŋ.kwɪl) = (adjective) Free from disturbance; calm. For tranquil sea See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzidlc6YuPA and http://www.bajainsider.com/sites/default/files/styles/node-detail/public/field/media/boat-anchored-sunset_0.jpg?itok=_C027Fvw // e.g., His tranquil gaze.
· Tranquilizer (or ‘tranquilliser’ in UK English) = (noun) A medicinal drug taken to reduce tension or anxiety e.g., In the more severe cases, tranquilizers and antidepressant drugs have been reported to be of benefit.
· Sedative (pronounced ˈsɛdətɪv) = (adjective) Promoting calm or inducing sleep. Synonyms: tranquilizing, calming, calmative.// e.g., The seeds have a sedative effect./// (noun) A drug taken for its calming or sleep-inducing effect e.g., He had become dependent on a variety of drugs - sedatives, amphetamines and various narcotics, including heroin.
· Peninsula (pronounced pɪˈnɪnsjʊlə) = (noun) A piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water.// For the Italian Peninsula See http://www.worldatlas.com/r/w728-h425-c728x425/upload/e8/ad/89/italian-peninsula.jpg and for Baja California peninsula See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Baja_peninsula_%28mexico%29_250m.jpg/1200px-Baja_peninsula_%28mexico%29_250m.jpg /// e.g. The Iberian/ Italian/ Balkan/ Florida/ Arabian/ Korean peninsulas (^^^).
· Petticoat (not pettitcoat) (1 word) = (noun) a woman's light, loose undergarment hanging from the shoulders or the waist, worn under a skirt or dress. See http://assets.unique-vintage.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/540x/040ec09b1e35df139433887a97daa66f/1/9/1950s_Style_Black_Tulle_Tea_Length_Petticoat_Crinoline_5.jpg and http://pinup-fashion.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/polkadot-petticoat-dress.jpg
· Corset (pronounced ˈkɔːsɪt) = (noun) a woman's tightly fitting undergarment extending from below the chest to the hips, worn to shape the figure. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Corset1878taille46_300gram.png/1200px-Corset1878taille46_300gram.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Purplecorset01.jpg For a male corset See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Invicorator_belt.gif // My comment: it is an obsolete tight piece of underwear; however slimming belts (similar to a corset, but they are wrapped!) that induce sweat do exist! But they induce water loss instead of fat loss, which can lead to dehydration! See https://www.tbuy.in/image/cache/data/tbuy/m/n/tbuy-1976_othr_1-700x700.jpg and https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB1CUohKVXXXXcmXVXXq6xXFXXX0/Blue-Waist-Trimmer-Exercise-Wrap-Belt-Slimming-Burn-Fat-Sauna-Sweat-Weight-Loss-Wrap-Corset-Shaper.jpg
· Ignominious (pronounced ˌɪɡ.nəˈmɪn.i.əs) = (adjective) disgraceful; humiliating; deserving or causing public disgrace or shame e.g., No other party risked ignominious defeat.// e.g., U.S. forces completed an ignominious withdrawal from bases in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait .// e.g., To rub salt in the wound Germany then took second place in the section with a similar margin of victory as they capped possibly the most ignominious week in the history of English sport.
· Lace = (noun) a fine open fabric of cotton or silk, made by looping, twisting, or knitting thread in patterns and used especially for trimming garments. See https://cdn.daysoftheyear.com/wp-content/images/lace-day-e1443947839347-808x380.jpg and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/2b/7b/40/2b7b40d17587cdd4a9804a2ed29618da.jpg and http://vintagelacemaking.com/lace_origin_history/realbruges.png // e.g., A dress trimmed in white lace.
· Lacy = (adjective) made of, resembling, or trimmed with lace. For a lacy petticoat See https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/logs.omnibuilder/89ed664d-3bbd-4f1f-b47e-f1666de7e7de/fad6c728-f852-457a-a577-27ccf217a8f4.jpg and https://img1.etsystatic.com/118/0/6701118/il_340x270.1081029875_40hs.jpg e.g., A lacy petticoat.
· Dreadlocks (hairstyle) = (noun) a Rastafarian (relating to a religious movement of Jamaican – see below) hairstyle in which the hair is washed but not combed and twisted while wet into tight braids or ringlets hanging down on all sides. See http://atozhairstyles.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/33-Dreadlocks.jpg?x73884 and http://adjocom.com/img/cms/DICTIONNAIRE-COIFFURE/D/DREADLOCKS/dreadlocks-naturelles-tuff-dreads-rastas-1a.jpg
· Rastafarian = (noun) relating to a religious movement of Jamaican origin holding that Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia was the Messiah and that black people are the chosen people and will eventually return to their African homeland.
· Billboard = (noun) a hoarding; a large outdoor board for displaying advertisements. See https://www.lendvo.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/rent-a-billboard.jpg and https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNFXDSVrvfFxC4ziVg221jnmdBbhC95Xk2gyqFdk6qqS-hLjuigecMkfbrfVtTZeJw9IJTGEkLXHRaXl-XXUeKaZvg5USiI97mo0ioomYEIlAuT4oXFamXB8jGX9hGmoyvQGueA2eSpZVG/s1600/Snapchat+logo+billboard.jpg // e.g., The display of suggestive advertisements on billboards.
· Rear mirror (of a car) – See http://shariyantes.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/rear-view-mirror.jpg and http://www.motorward.com/wp-content/images/2009/10/Rear-View-Mirror.jpg
· Legumes = (noun) Leguminous plants, especially grown as crops. See https://gypsy.ninja/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/o-LEGUMES-facebook.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Various_legumes.jpg
· Pulse (as a vegetable) (pronounced pʌls) = (noun) The edible seed of a leguminous plant, for example, a chickpea, lentil, or bean. See http://www.lmjil.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/pulses-1.jpg and https://dailytimes.com.pk/static/uploads/original/un-declares-2016-as-international-year-of-pulses-e0b863f11fbd27ed4b5e456c4aed18ff.jpg // e.g., Use pulses such as peas and lentils to eke out meat dishes./// A plant producing pulses.
· Lentils = (noun) a high-protein pulse which is dried and then soaked and cooked before eating. See http://brightcove.vo.llnwd.net/d21/unsecured/media/1033249144001/1033249144001_2129593896001_900944612-173-1359569083266.jpg?pubId=1033249144001 and https://www.wikihow.com/images/thumb/2/26/Make-Lentils-Step-1.jpg/aid2788017-v4-728px-Make-Lentils-Step-1.jpg
· Chickpea (also known as garbanzo) = (noun) a round yellowish edible seed, widely used as a pulse. See http://www.inspiredtaste.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/How-to-Cook-Chickpeas-Recipe-1-1200.jpg and http://myplantbasedfamily.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/chickpea-nuggets-step-1.jpg and https://useast-cdn.skinnyms.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Roasted-Chickpeas.jpg // For chickpea salad See http://cookieandkate.com/images/2010/12/chickpea-salad-16.jpg For a pot of chickpeas See https://smittenkitchendotcom.files.wordpress.com/2017/05/a-really-great-pot-of-chickpeas.jpg?w=750
· Luxurious (pronounced lʌɡˈʒʊə.ri.əs) = (adjective) Extremely comfortable, elegant, or enjoyable, especially in a way that involves great expense e.g., The bedrooms have luxurious marble bathrooms.
· Boycott (pronounced ˈbɔɪkɒt) = (noun) A punitive ban that forbids relations with certain groups, cooperation with a policy, or the handling of goods e.g., Two Australian wool bodies have approached the boycott in very different ways./// (verb) Withdraw from commercial or social relations with (a country, organization, or person) as a punishment or protest e.g., The Israeli academic establishment boycotted him.
· Punitive (or punitory) = (adjective) inflicting or intended as punishment e.g., He called for punitive measures against the Russian Republic.// e.g., ‘You'll get hit by punitive redemption fees if you cash in too early, and you'll pass up hefty loyalty and completion bonuses.’// e.g., Traffic rules must be strictly followed, and punitive measures should be taken./// (of a tax or other charge) Extremely high e.g. A current punitive interest rate of 35%.// e.g., If the new bill is passed then punitive charges will be made for such applications.
· Money laundering = (mass noun) The concealment of the origins of illegally obtained money, typically using transfers involving foreign banks or legitimate businesses e.g., He was convicted of money laundering and tax evasion.
· Chimp (abbreviation) = chimpanzee
· Rhino (pronounced rʌɪnəʊ)(abbreviation) = rhinoceros (pronounced raɪˈnɒs.(ə)r.əs) (plural = rhinoceros or rhinoceroses)
· Hippo (pronounced ˈhɪpəʊ) = (noun) (plural = hippos) hippopotamus (pronounced ˌhɪpəˈpɒtəməs) (plural hippopotamuses or hippopotami)
· Standard of living = the degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community.
· Vulture (pronounced vʌltʃə) = (noun) a large bird of prey with the head and neck more or less bare of feathers, feeding chiefly on carrion and reputed to gather with others in anticipation of the death of a sick or injured animal or person. See http://media.mnn.com/assets/images/2015/10/v-Lappet-faced-vulture.jpg.838x0_q80.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Eagle_beak_sideview_A.jpg/1200px-Eagle_beak_sideview_A.jpg /// A contemptible person who preys on or exploits others e.g., ‘The press are vultures!’
· Carrion (pronounced ˈkarɪən) = (noun) Dead or decaying flesh (^^) See http://treesforlife.org.uk/docs/079_403__carrion_1428586347_standard.png and https://fthmb.tqn.com/f7dsqGjBssp-yOtzJstaGgCRZlw=/1500x1000/filters:fill(auto,1)/about/carrion-eagle-58a6d3643df78c345b52fed2.jpg // e.g., A survey of fox dens showed that the vast majority of lamb carcasses found in them were carrion i.e., dead before being taken by the fox.// e.g., They are often seen soaring in search of carrion, but their diet also includes young goats and lambs.
/about/carrion-eagle-58a6d3643df78c345b52fed2.jpg){kind=link}
· Carcass = (noun) The dead body of an animal. See http://footage.framepool.com/shotimg/qf/415329103-black-grouse-female-animal-carcass-death-wild-animal-animals-in-the-wild.jpg and http://dc-cdn.s3-ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/dc-Cover-8f2tk1q7h6daogk05nd4acghs6-20161007123305.Medi.jpeg For the carcass of a weird big sea creature in Scotland See http://www.hi-likes.com/cms/fotoalbum/9384.jpg // e.g., Filth, carcasses of dead animals, garbage and polythene floating on the water and piling up at the embankments narrates the horrific story about the present condition of the stream.
· Den = (noun) A wild animal's lair or habitation.// Synonyms: lair.// See http://footage.framepool.com/shotimg/qf/608829538-mara-animal-den-animal-hare-zoo.jpg and https://www.clipartsgram.com/image/170950071-animal-fox-young-by-den-s8yk.png // e.g., He had a dank odor about him like the smell of a wild animal's den.// e.g., The pups emerged from their protective den, pawing the earth in celebration./// (informal) A room or hideout where a person can go to relax or be private e.g., ‘I built a den in a tree.’/// A place where people meet in secret, typically to engage in an illicit activity e.g., An opium den.// e.g., A den of iniquity./// (US English) A small subdivision of a Cub Scout pack./// (verb) (Of a wild animal) live in or retreat to a den e.g., The cubs denned in the late autumn.
· Lair (pronounced leə(r)) = (noun) A wild animal's resting place, especially one that is well hidden. See https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/84/110884-004-B66F21E4.jpg and http://pachterlab.github.io/lair/_images/bears_lair_compress.jpg and https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/elderscrolls/images/1/13/Movarths_lair.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20111115213711 // e.g., What a desolation it has become, a lair for wild animals! // e.g., The sites were the lairs of Allosaurus (a genus of large theropod dinosaur), places to which adults brought food to feed their offspring./// A secret or private place in which a person seeks concealment or seclusion e.g., At his secret lair, John watched over all the participants.
· Iniquity = (mass noun) Immoral or grossly unfair behavior e.g., A den of iniquity.// (countable noun) e.g., The iniquities of British taxation.// e.g., ‘Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity, and cleanse me from my sin!’ // e.g., For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry.
· Cleanse (pronounced klɛnz – not klɪnz) = (verb) Make something, especially the skin, thoroughly clean e.g., This preparation will cleanse and tighten the skin.// e.g., A cleansing cream./// Rid of something unpleasant or defiling e.g., The mission to cleanse America of subversives./// Free someone from sin or guilt e.g., ‘Only God Himself can cleanse us.’ /// (archaic) (in the Bible) Cure a leper./// A process or period of time during which a person attempts to rid the body of substances regarded as toxic or unhealthy, typically by consuming only water or other liquids e.g., ‘You can consume the broth three times a day for a cleanse.’
· Defile (pronounced dɪˈfaɪl) = (verb with object) Damage the purity or appearance of; mar or spoil e.g., The land was defiled by a previous owner.// e.g., The council, for its part, accused the traders of violating city by-laws and of defiling the environment./// Desecrate or profane something sacred e.g., The tomb had been defiled and looted.// e.g., Atalanta and Hippomenes are changed to lions for defiling a sacred shrine./// (noun) A steep-sided narrow gorge or passage (originally one requiring troops to march in a single file). See https://i.ytimg.com/vi/oWTtWx5dWHI/maxresdefault.jpg and https://static.ladepeche.fr/content/media/image/zoom/2013/06/27/201306240540-full.jpg e.g., The twisting track wormed its way up a defile to level ground./// (verb) To march off in a line.
· Desecrate (pronounced ˈdɛsɪkreɪt) = (verb) Treat a sacred place or thing with violent disrespect e.g., More than 100 graves were desecrated.// e.g., When someone breaks a circle or desecrates sacred space it is causing disharmony./// Spoil something which is valued or respected e.g., Many lanes are desecrated with yellow lines.// e.g., It is depressing for teachers and pupils alike to see their working environment desecrated by the moronic minority!
· Tons (vs) Ton (vs) Tonne
· Tons (plural) = (plural) (informal) = an extremely large amount e.g., We’ve got tons of food left over from the party.// e.g., Tonnes of food aid (^^).
· Ton (plural = ton or tons) (weight). But ‘Metric ton’ = tonne = a unit of weight equal to 1,000 kilograms (^^).
· Repute (pronounced rɪˈpjuːt) =(noun) a bad, good, etc. reputation e.g., A place of ill-repute/ good–repute./// (Phrase) ‘Hold somebody in high/low repute’ = to respect someone very much/ very little e.g., My father was held in high repute by his colleagues (^^).
· Reputed = (adjective) Said to be the true situation although this is not known to be certain and may not be likely e.g., She is reputed to be 30 years younger than her husband.// e.g., They employed him because of his reputed skill in dealing with the press (^^) // Well reputed = Having a good reputation; highly reputable.
· Maxilla = (noun) The jaw or jawbone, specifically the upper jaw in most vertebrates. In humans, it also forms part of the nose and eye socket. See https://thumbor.kenhub.com/Cgs3GSbb81dm3D72Nmh3GkJLE44=/fit-in/800x800/filters:watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0)/images/library/924/content_maxilla_atlas_TKJWlGAtRk42xI3w46DLg.png and http://healthfixit.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Mandibular-fossa-is-posterior-picture.jpg
/images/library/924/content_maxilla_atlas_TKJWlGAtRk42xI3w46DLg.png){kind=link}
· Mandible = (noun) The jaw or a jawbone, especially the lower jawbone in mammals and fishes. For human mandible See https://thumbor.kenhub.com/Mu8fxQ1aUoLjQmHDADx-uxdWQJo=/fit-in/800x800/filters:watermark(/images/logo_url.png,-10,-10,0)/images/library/306/The_mandible_2.png and http://healthfixit.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Mandibular-fossa-is-posterior-picture.jpg
/images/library/306/The_mandible_2.png){kind=link}
· Made from/ of/ out of/ with (notice the difference!):
· Made from = when we talk about how something is manufactured e.g., The earliest canoes were made from trees.// e.g., Plastic is made from oil (*)
· Made of = when we talk about the basic material or qualities of something. It has a meaning similar to ‘composed of,’ e.g., ‘What’s this table made of? It’s oak.’// e.g., She wore a beautiful necklace made of gold (*) // e.g., An article (= a particular item or object) made of clay.
· Made out of = when we talk about something that has been changed or transformed from one thing into another e.g., They were living in tents made out of old plastic sheet.// e.g., In the 1970s, it was popular to have candle-holders made out of wine bottles (*).
· Made with = we use it more often to talk about the ingredients of food and drink e.g., Sushi is made with raw fish.// e.g., This dish is made with corned beef and vegetables (*).
· Comprise (of) = (verb) Consist of; be made up of e.g., The country comprises twenty states.// e.g., Each professional was accompanied by three amateur players, comprising members of Cherry Lodge or their guests.// Makeup or constitute a whole e.g., Documents are comprised of words.// e.g., This single breed comprises 50% of the Swiss cattle population.
· Feud (pronounced fjuːd) = (noun) A prolonged and bitter quarrel or dispute e.g., His long-standing feud with Universal Pictures.// e.g., One of the most volatile feuds that currently rock the scientific community./// Vendetta; a state of prolonged mutual hostility, typically between two families or communities, characterized by murderous assaults in revenge for previous injuries e.g., A savage feud over drugs money.// e.g., In ancient Athens, the Court of the Areopagiticus was set up specifically to deal justice impersonally to criminals and bring to an end the feuds and demands for family vengeance which brutalized society.
· Outlook = (noun) the prospect for the future e.g., The deteriorating economic outlook.// e.g., The outlook for tomorrow is dry and cold./// A person's point of view or general attitude to life e.g., She had a practical outlook on life.// e.g., In the 16th century, this outlook gave way to the Copernican theory: Earth and all the other planets revolve around the Sun./// View e.g., The pleasant outlook from the club window./// A place from which a view is possible; a vantage point.
· Outweigh (not ‘outweight’ - it is out + weigh (verb)) = (verb) be heavier, greater, or more significant than e.g., The advantages greatly outweigh the disadvantages.// e.g., ‘Remember that the safety of the many outweighs the lives of the few.’
· Immensely = (adverb) to a great extent; extremely e.g., The US President Donald Trump became immensely popular after his inauguration.// e.g., His parents paid tribute to him, saying he was extremely popular and would be missed immensely.// e.g., Soon he was embarking upon his meteoric rise to an immensely powerful position in French musical life.
· Source (vs) Resource
· Source = (noun) A place, person, or thing from which something originates or can be obtained e.g., Sardine is a good source of fish oil.// e.g., Stem cells can be obtained from alternative sources, such as adult bone marrow./// (verb) Obtain from a particular source e.g., Each type of coffee is sourced from one country.
· Resources = (noun) A stock or supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets that can be drawn on by a person or organization in order to function effectively e.g., Local authorities complained that they lacked resources.// e.g., That led to unnecessary expenditures of financial and material resources./// A country's collective means of supporting itself or becoming wealthier, as represented by its reserves of minerals, land, and other natural assets e.g., China's exploitation of commercially important marine resources./// An action or strategy which may be adopted in adverse circumstances e.g., Sometimes anger is the only resource left in a situation like this.
· Cruiser = (noun) A relatively fast warship larger than a destroyer and less heavily armed than a battleship. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/USS_Port_Royal_CG-73.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/RIAN_archive_395186_Russia_will_celebrate_Pacific_Fleet_Day_on_May_21._The_Guards_guided-missile_cruiser_Varyag_underway_at_sea.jpg/300px-RIAN_archive_395186_Russia_will_celebrate_Pacific_Fleet_Day_on_May_21._The_Guards_guided-missile_cruiser_Varyag_underway_at_sea.jpg /// A yacht or motorboat with passenger accommodations, designed for leisure use. See http://www.charterworld.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/106-Nodlund-Shallow-Draft-Long-Range-Cruiser-Yacht.-Computer-rendering-by-Frank-Woll.jpgand http://www.superyachts.com/syv2/resource/585-327-95-c-acd5/superyachts/property/yacht/model/resource/yacht-vicem-97-cruiser-3714.jpg // e.g., The harbor has both a commercial quayside and marina which was crowded with expensive yachts and cruisers./// An automobile that can be driven smoothly at high speed. See http://motoring.li.csnstatic.com/motoring/general/editorial/toyota-land-speed-cruiser-sema-0010.jpg?width=1024 For a police cruiser See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/US_Capitol_Police_Cruiser_Ford_Crown_Vic_fr.jpg/1200px-US_Capitol_Police_Cruiser_Ford_Crown_Vic_fr.jpg and http://www.hamptonpd.com/patrol/images/HPDNewLook.jpg // e.g., The cruiser sped along the highway under the evening sky.// e.g., Police cruiser.
· Quay (pronounced kiː) = (noun) A concrete, stone, or metal platform lying alongside or projecting into water for loading and unloading ships. See https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/ed/bf/51/new-quay.jpg and http://en.port-ajaccio.com/var/port/storage/images/le-port/decouvrir/quai-d-honneur-brancaleoni/10496-4-fre-FR/quai-d-honneur-brancaleoni_galmedium.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Hayle_old_quay.jpg // e.g., It is a source of pride to see the Celtic Explorer alongside the quay in her home port of Galway.
· Quayside (pronounced ˈkiː.saɪd) = (noun) A quay and the area around it.// For Newcastle quayside See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Newcastle_Upon_Tyne_bridges.jpg and http://images-on.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/NE12-Newcastle-Quayside-Sunset.jpg // e.g., The harbor has both a commercial quayside and marina which was crowded with expensive yachts and cruisers.
· Sergeant (abbreviated Sgt; informally called ‘sarge’) = (noun) a soldier of middle rank e.g., Sergeant Lewis/ Tom Lewis.// (as a form of address) e.g., ‘Dismiss the men, Sergeant.’/// (UK English) In the UK, a police officer whose rank is above constable and below inspector./// (US English) In the US, a police officer whose rank below a captain (^^).
· Captain = (noun) An officers rank in the army, or navy, or in the US air force, or in the US police and fire departments e.g., Captain Lane/ Alex Lane.// e.g., (as form of address e.g., ‘Yes, Captain.’ /// The leader of sports team./// The person in charge of a ship or an aircraft (^^).
· Lieutenant (my comment: I know that you all know the word from the movies – I just refer to it for the spelling!) = the title of an officer of middle rank in armed forces e.g., First/ second lieutenant.// e.g., Lieutenant Woods/ Charles Woods.// e.g., (as form of address) ‘Yes, lieutenant’ (^^).
· Commissioned (officer) = (military) (of an officer in the army, navy, or air force) holding a rank conferred by a commission e.g., Those interested in pursuing careers as commissioned officers.// e.g., A commissioned officer in the Royal Artillery./// (especially of a work of art) produced specially to order e.g., He was painting commissioned portraits in his late teens.
· Non-commissioned (officer) (or noncommissioned officer; NCO, colloquially known as non-com or noncom (*****)) = (military) (of an officer in the army, navy, or air force) not holding a rank conferred by a commission. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/SOLDIERS_COMPLETE_FINAL_REHEARSAL_AHEAD_OF_THE_QUEEN%27S_BIRTHDAY_PARADE_MOD_45159988.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/District_Gunner.jpg // e.g., That will have particular relevance for senior non-commissioned officers and field grade officers.// e.g., One of the most important distinctions is the difference between commissioned and non-commissioned officers.
· Constable = a British police officer of the lower rank (^^).
· Corporal = (noun) A person of low rank in the army or the air force e.g., Corporal Green/ Sam Green.// (as form of address) e.g., ‘Thank you, Corporal’ (^^).
· Cadet (pronounced kəˈdɛt) = (noun) a young trainee in the armed services or police force. See http://www.cadets.ca/assets/Cadets/images/National/biathlon/01-cnbc2016.jpg and http://754aircadets.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/IMG_1590.jpg // e.g., An air force cadet.// /// A student in training at a military school e.g., The cadets undergo rigorous training in sailing, boat pulling and ship modeling./// (usually as modifier) A junior branch of a family e.g., A cadet branch of the family.
· Conscript (pronounced a) Noun and b) Adjective = ˈkanskrɪpt) c) Verb = kənˈskrɪpt) = a) Noun (pronounced ˈkanskrɪpt) A person enlisted compulsorily. For Army conscripts See http://news.antiwar.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/conscript.jpg and http://i60.fastpic.ru/big/2013/1029/f2/16c8e09291226e6b9a63fad28a4dcff2.jpg // e.g., Army conscripts.// (as modifier) e.g., Conscript troops./// b) Adjective(pronounced ˈkanskrɪpt) e.g., A conscript army. c) (verb) (with object) (pronounced kənˈskrɪpt) (draft in US English) Enlist someone compulsorily, typically into the armed services; call up e.g., The men were conscripted into the army.
· Rookie = (noun) (mainly US English)(informal) A recruit, especially in the army or police. For army rookies See http://news.antiwar.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/conscript.jpg and http://i60.fastpic.ru/big/2013/1029/f2/16c8e09291226e6b9a63fad28a4dcff2.jpg // For police rookies See http://presscentre.itvstatic.com/presscentre/sites/presscentre/files/rookie_cops.jpg and http://media.masslive.com/breakingnews/photo/2011/05/ae-newcopsjpg-53be1fb4cf96906d.jpg // (as modifier) e.g., A rookie cop./// A member of a sports team in their first full season. See http://www.dynastynerds.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/2014-Dynasty-Rookies.jpg // e.g., The Indian cricketers are all fairly experienced, they are not rookies anymore.
· Platoon = (noun) (army) a subdivision of a company of soldiers, usually forming a tactical unit that is commanded by a subaltern or lieutenant and divided into three sections. (My comment: I guess you have watched the movie ‘Platoon’! See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEv3zzKyiFQ ) See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Latvian_platoon_at_Camp_Lejune.jpg/1200px- Latvian_platoon_at_Camp_Lejune.jpg For a platoon of marines See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/1st_Platoon_%26_Trackers.jpg // e.g., The platoon commander.
· Subaltern =( adjective) of lower status e.g., The private tutor was a recognized subaltern part of the bourgeois family./// (Of a proposition) implied by another proposition (e.g., as a particular affirmative is by a universal one), but not implying it in return./// (noun) An officer in the British army below the rank of captain, especially a 2nd lieutenant.
· Regiment = (noun) (army) a permanent unit of an army typically commanded by a colonel and divided into several companies, squadrons, or batteries and often into two battalions. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Latvian_platoon_at_Camp_Lejune.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Royal_Regiment_of_Fusiliers_parade.jpg and // e.g., The Royal Highland Regiment.
· Squadron (pronounced ˈskwɒd.rən) (not ‘squandron’- just remember the word ‘squad,’ e.g., ‘nerf squad’!) = (noun) (army) an operational unit in an air force consisting of two or more flights of aircraft and the personnel required to fly them. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/51st_fighter_interceptor_wing_at_suwon%2C_s.k.jpg/300px-51st_fighter_interceptor_wing_at_suwon%2C_s.k.jpg and http://www.bombercommandmuseum.ca/photos/p_squadron429a.jpg // e.g., In 1944 losses were heavy and the RAAF squadrons were supplemented by RAF Hudsons./// A main division of an armored or cavalry regiment, consisting of two or more troops. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Charge_of_Pozna%C5%84_Cavalery_during_November_Uprising.JPG and http://www.army.mod.uk/images/central-panel/PHOTO_1_600(1).jpg // e.g., Cavalrymen familiar with the command and control squadrons of the border regiments during the Cold War will recognize this organization./// A group of warships detached on a particular duty or under the command of a flag officer.See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/US_Navy_090725-N-9150R-131_Ships_of_Amphibious_Squadron_5_are_returning_to_their_homeport_of_San_Diego_after_a_deployment_to_the_U.S._5th_Fleet_area_of_responsibility.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Chicago._Leading_the_Squadron_of_Evolution%2C_1889_-_NARA_-_512952.tif/lossy-page1-1200px-Chicago._Leading_the_Squadron_of_Evolution%2C_1889_-_NARA_-_512952.tif.jpg For fishery protection squadron See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/45153648_river_class.jpg/1200px-45153648_river_class.jpg
· Division = (army) (noun) A group of army brigades or regiments e.g., An infantry division.// e.g., Tank battalions, which supported infantry divisions, were at times broken up and spread over a whole division.
· Brigade = (army) (noun) A subdivision of an army, typically consisting of a small number of infantry battalions and/or other units and forming part of a division e.g., He commanded a brigade of 2,000 men.// e.g., The Army will soon have three distinct types of brigades, heavy, infantry, and Stryker.
· Stryker (or Stryker Armored Vehicle) = (army) (noun) An eight-wheeled armored vehicle used by the Army with defense capabilities similar to those of a tank, but with greater mobility and fewer logistical requirements. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Stryker_ICV_front_q.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Fort_Irwin_National_Training_Center_-_Stryker_-_4.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Stryker_vehicle_from_the_56th_SBCT.jpg
· Battalion = (noun) (army) a military unit consisting of 3 or more companies (*) For an Australian battalion See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Australian_11th_Battalion_group_photo.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Australian_3rd_Battalion_on_parade_Egypt_December_1914_AWM_H00521.jpg // e.g., He has held key staff positions with troops at the battalion, brigade and division levels.
· Squad (pronounced skwɒd) = (noun) (army) A small number of soldiers assembled for drill or assigned to a special task e.g., The demolition squad from the troop were blowing up the guns.// A nerf squad = gang (= a group of young people) of kids playing army with nerf toy guns)./// A group of sports players from which a team is chosen e.g., UK's World Cup squad./// A division of a police force dealing with a particular type of crime e.g., Tom said the crime squad had promised to donate half the total to charity./// e.g., The arrests followed Operation Norfolk, a probe into drug trafficking conducted by the National Crime Squad./// A small group of people having a particular task e.g., An assassination squad.// e.g., An army bomb squad arrived and defused the bomb.// e.g., The company was under investigation by the fraud squad (^^ for the last 2 examples and for the 2nd example with the police squad).
· Squad car (UK old-fashioned) or patrol car or police cruiser (US English) or police car = a car used by police officers (^^). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/US_Capitol_Police_Cruiser_Ford_Crown_Vic_fr.jpg/1200px-US_Capitol_Police_Cruiser_Ford_Crown_Vic_fr.jpg and http://www.hamptonpd.com/patrol/images/HPDNewLook.jpg
· Firing squad = a group of soldiers who are ordered to shoot and kill prisoners (My comment: or hostages) (^^) See the shocking WWII footages https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOKEebktVco and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aj6d0tYUUo0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvMRitoPqW8
· Trooper = (noun) a private soldier in cavalry or armored unit. See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/c6/dc/f1/c6dcf147d0ca9886a89e117ceb4019ae.jpg and http://machinejunky.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/usarmycyborg.jpg // e.g., In 1914 he enlisted as a trooper, and he was killed in France, shot through the head while resting in a shallow crater./// A cavalry horse e.g., Cavalry troopers are magnificent./// (UK English) A troopship e.g., He sailed on the Empire Trooper from Durban in 1943 to Bombay./// (US English) A mounted police officer. See https://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/warhammer40k/images/3/3b/Dieprian_Mountain_Men_Trooper.png/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/250?cb=20160403205123 // e.g., It also employed black troopers in the Native Mounted Police for punitive expeditions to track down and kill resisting tribes./// A state police officer. For a state trooper See https://s.hswstatic.com/gif/state-troopers-1.jpg and http://www.oregon.gov/osp/RECRUIT/PublishingImages/freitag_stop.jpg // e.g., Between them and die jail stood a wall of city police officers, sheriff’s deputies, and Alabama state troopers./// A reliable and uncomplaining person e.g., He was a real trooper for going on while he was feeling less than his best.// e.g., ''She even managed to sign some autographs one-handed—what a trooper!''./// ‘Swear like a trooper’ = (phrase) swear a great deal e.g., His fists were clenched and he was swearing like a trooper.
· Battery (with a meaning other than a source of power) = (noun) (army) a fortified emplacement for heavy guns. For an artillery battery See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/I_Battery_2nd_Battalion_11th_Marines.jpg e.g., Anti-aircraft missile batteries./// An artillery subunit of guns, men, and vehicles e.g., The fire support battalion will consolidate the two mortar platoons of the original battalions into batteries.
· Destroyer = (noun) a small, fast warship, especially one equipped for a defensive role against submarines and aircraft. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/USS_Winston_S._Churchill.jpg/1200px-USS_Winston_S._Churchill.jpg and https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXZTFS1QPSuSY_rC_urP4-RPsk0oMihGIy0advNdqf5saBZiOwst4AWJQXof5UOJfuPtmgngV9CKugLI1gtOiftvWjTkpjkV8MR2TlO7mxqvL-9JsuKVwCMgobO5IYh3xIyht3SkZ5VqQ/s1600/US_Navy_090429-N-7280V-378_The_Japan_Maritime_Self-Defense_Force_destroyer_JDS_Kurama_%2528DDH_144%2529_pulls_alongside_amphibious_command_ship_USS_Blue_Ridge_%2528LCC_19%2529_during_Exercise_Malabar_2009.jpg // e.g., Russian warplanes buzz a US destroyer in the Baltic Sea./// Someone or something that destroys e.g., The greatest destroyer of love and peace.
· Intercept (pronounced Verb = ɪn(t)ərˈsɛpt; Noun = ɪn(t)ərsɛpt) = (verb with object) (pronounced ɪn(t)ərˈsɛpt) Obstruct someone or something so as to prevent them from continuing to a destination e.g., Intelligence agencies intercepted a series of telephone calls./// e.g., Russia defends/ warplanes intercept a US plane in the Baltic Sea.// e.g., Fighter jets (or warplanes) scrambled to intercept nuke (= nuclear weapon)-capable bombers.// e.g., They intercepted Jim on his way to work./// (American Football) (of a defensive player) Catch a forward pass./// (Physics) Cut off or deflect light or other electromagnetic radiation./// (Mathematics) (of a line or surface) Mark or cut off part of a space, line, or surface./// (noun) (pronounced ɪn(t)ərsɛpt) An act or instance of intercepting something e.g., He read the file of radio intercepts./// (Mathematics) The point at which a given line cuts a coordinate axis; the value of the coordinate at that point.
· Interceptor aircraft (also called simply interceptor) = a type of fighter aircraft (fighter jet; warplane) designed specifically to prevent successful missions by enemy aircraft, particularly bombers and reconnaissance aircraft (See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/SR-71A_in_flight_near_Beale_AFB_1988.JPEG ) There are two general classes of interceptor: relatively lightweight aircraft built for high performance, and heavier aircraft designed to fly at night or in adverse weather and operate over longer ranges (*****) For interceptor aircraft See http://nhmilitary.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/3/0/10309166/8467190_orig.jpg and http://realitypod.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/f-106-delta-dart-mark-karvon1.jpg
· Reconnaissance (pronounced rɪˈkɒn.ɪ.səns) (UK English = (informal) recce; US English = (informal) recon) = (noun) military observation of a region to locate an enemy or ascertain strategic features e.g., An excellent aircraft for low-level reconnaissance.// e.g., After a reconnaissance, our forces took the island.// (as modifier) e.g., Reconnaissance missions./// Preliminary surveying or research e.g., Conducting client reconnaissance.// e.g., ‘I did carry out a detailed reconnaissance but must have missed the signs suggesting this was a private road.’//// For aerial reconnaissance See http://www.army-technology.com/projects/luna/images/luna_1.jpg
· Reconnoitre (Reconnoiter in US English) (pronounced ˌrek.əˈnɔɪ.tə(r)) = (verb with object) Make a military observation of a region e.g., They reconnoitered the beach some weeks before the landing./// (verb no object) e.g., The raiders were reconnoitering for further attacks./// (noun) An act of reconnoitering e.g., A nocturnal reconnoiter of the camp.
· Aircraft carrier = a large warship equipped to serve as a base for aircraft that can take off from and land on its deck. See http://media.jrn.com/images/2000*1247/b99685395z.1_20160313230454_000_gsnerv85.1-1.jpg and https://thaimilitaryandasianregion.files.wordpress.com/2017/03/dcs09-371-5.jpg
· Stand firm in my opinion
· Fulfill our needs
· Space shuttle = spacecraft
· Apartment (flat in UK English)
· Butcher
· Comparatively
· Giraffe
· Mid–afternoon = about 3 pm.
· (at) noon = midday = 12 o’ clock in the middle of the day.
· Gender equality
· At the same time
· In my essay
· Terror (not terrorist) attack
· Arabian (not Arabic) Peninsula
· Broker = dealer = agent = intermediary
· Stockbroker/ jobber
· Stock market/ exchange
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