· Conservationist = (noun) a person who advocates or acts for the protection and preservation of the environment and wildlife e.g., (as modifier) Conservationist groups.// e.g., But conservationists see this as a smokescreen, saying that no other wildlife are targeted in this way.
· Parlor (parlour in UK English) (pronounced ˈpɑr·lər) = (noun) a sitting room in a private house. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Photograph_of_a_Greek_Revival_Parlor_in_the_Metropolitan.jpg/350px-Photograph_of_a_Greek_Revival_Parlor_in_the_Metropolitan.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Governor%27s_Mansion_State_Historic_Park_-_formal_parlor.JPG // e.g., The entryway was warm and welcoming, with a hat tree off to the left of the door and a sitting parlor to the right.// A shop or business providing specified goods or services e.g., An ice cream parlor. For parlor shop See http://www.southbaybyjackie.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/The-Parlor-Shop.jpg /// (adjective) Denoting a person who professes but does not actively give support to a specified (especially radical) political view e.g., Parlor libertarians.
· Plunger (pronounced ˈplʌn(d)jə) = (noun) a device consisting of a rubber cup on a long handle, used to clear blocked pipes using water pressure. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Plunger_250x410.jpg and https://ae01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB1KVjtQpXXXXXSaXXXq6xXFXXXj/Pipeline-Dredge-Plunger-Suction-Pipe-Cleaner-for-Drain-Bath-Sink-Rubber-Dredging-Household-Kitchen-Cleaning-Device.jpg_640x640.jpg and https://www.solidrop.net/photo-1/manual-multi-drain-plunger-flexible-strong-high-pressure-home-toilet-dredge-sewer-toilet-bowl-dredge-device-1637-29-5-16-6-8cm.jpg
· Plunge (vs) Plummet
· Plunge (pronounced plʌndʒ) = (noun) An act of jumping or diving into water. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZdlwGhxZC0 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9M60DQ4LqU and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t95-vzQSvmE For a plunge water slide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HbzQMSvX80A and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7lJylG2Y1Y // e.g., ‘We went straight from the sauna to take a cold plunge.’/// Plumb bob (or plummet) = a weight, usually with a pointed tip on the bottom, suspended from a string and used as a vertical reference line, or plumb-line. It is essentially the vertical equivalent of a ‘water level’ (***** for this definition). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Plumb_bob.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Cc%26j-fig24--plumb_square.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Lot_hg.jpg /// (verb) Jump or dive quickly and energetically e.g., Our daughters whooped (= gave a loud, excited shout to show enjoyment or agreement) as they plunged into the sea./// Push or thrust quickly e.g., He plunged his hands into his pockets./// To become lower in value or level very suddenly and quickly e.g., The fall in demand caused share prices to plunge.// Our income has plunged dramatically ((^^) for the last meaning).
· Plummet = (noun) a steep and rapid fall or drop e.g., He plummeted to the ground.// e.g., Several large rocks plummeted down the cliff.// e.g., House prices have plummeted in recent months ((^^^) for the above examples)./// Plumb bob (or plummet) = a weight, usually with a pointed tip on the bottom, suspended from a string and used as a vertical reference line, or plumb-line. It is essentially the vertical equivalent of a ‘water level’ (***** for this definition). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Plumb_bob.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Cc%26j-fig24--plumb_square.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Lot_hg.jpg // e.g., ‘With a heavy plummet, I plumb the depth and set the float.’ See http://worldartsme.com/images/plummet-clipart-1.jpg and http://www.clipartkid.com/images/601/revelation-1-2-that-he-saw-hosea-joel-amos-jonah-micah-8CkLvC-clipart.jpg and http://www.sovereigngrace.net/Art/plumbline.jpg
· Plumb (pronounced plʌm) = (verb) measure the depth of a body of water e.g., ‘I plumbed the depth and found the bottom of the shelf to be seven meters down.’/// Test an upright surface to determine the vertical e.g., They are valuable aids in plumbing the frames and keeping the side of the ship fair.
· Plumb (pronounced plʌm) line = a piece of string with a weight attached to one end, used either to test if something vertical, such as a wall, is exactly straight or to find the depth of water (*). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Plumb_bob.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Cc%26j-fig24--plumb_square.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Lot_hg.jpg and http://worldartsme.com/images/plummet-clipart-1.jpg and http://www.clipartkid.com/images/601/revelation-1-2-that-he-saw-hosea-joel-amos-jonah-micah-8CkLvC-clipart.jpg and http://www.sovereigngrace.net/Art/plumbline.jpg
· Trough (pronounced trɒf) = (noun) (also known as manger) a long, narrow open container for animals to eat or drink out of. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Livestock_trough_near_Empire_Ranch_Arizona_2007.jpg and https://johnnyvoid.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/snouts-in-the-trough.jpg and http://www.lilybrookherefords.com/images/graintrough.jpg /// A low point in a regular series of high and low points e.g., Investing regularly small amounts is a good way of smoothing out the peaks and troughs of the stock market ((^^) for the second meaning).
· Spade (pronounced speɪd) = (noun) a tool with a sharp-edged, typically rectangular, metal blade and a long handle, used for digging or cutting earth, sand, turf, etc. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Spade.jpg and https://img.clipartfest.com/1d1fd245e8229ab36d3b951c19616ddc_garden-spade-call-it-a-spade-clipart-spade_1200-1500.jpeg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Spade.jpg
· Cradle or crib (UK English) (cot in UK English) = (noun) an infant bed which rocks but is non-mobile. Cradle is distinct from a typical bassinet which is a basket-like container on free-standing legs with wheels (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Cradle_2_%28PSF%29.png and http://www.babybedding.com/images/collections/solid-white-cradle-bedding_large.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Krevetac22.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Crib_%28PSF%29.png
· Bassinet (or bassinette) (pronounced bæs.ɪˈnet) = (noun) a bed specifically for babies from birth to about four months. Bassinets are generally designed to work with fixed legs or casters, while cradles are generally designed to provide a rocking or gliding motion. Bassinets and cradles are distinguished from Moses baskets and carrycots, which are designed to be carried and sit directly on the floor or furniture. After four months, babies are often transferred to a crib. However, in the US the bedside sleeper is more common (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Walraversijde50.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Bassinet.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/HRBassinet.JPG
· Shrine (pronounced ʃraɪn) = (noun) a place regarded as holy because of its associations with a divinity or a sacred person or relic, typically marked by a building or other construction. See http://www.islamiclandmarks.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Shrine-of-Yahya-as.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Gorskii_03982u.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Shrine_at_repulse_bay_to_tin_hau.jpg // e.g., The medieval pilgrim route to the shrine of St James.// e.g., A Hindu shrine at which offerings are placed twice a day./// A place associated with or containing memorabilia of a particular revered person or thing e.g., His grave has become a shrine for fans from all over the world./// A casket containing sacred relics; a reliquary e.g., The chests or reliquaries in which they were buried were often venerated as shrines and could also serve as an altar./// A niche (pronounced niːʃ or nɪtʃ in US English; = a shallow recess, especially one in a wall to display a statue or other ornament) or enclosure containing a religious statue or other object e.g., There are roadside shrines every other kilometer./// (literary) Enshrine e.g., A goddess shrined in every tree.
· Rocking chair (or rocker) = a type of chair with two curved bands (also known as rockers) attached to the bottom of the legs, connecting the legs on each side to each other. The rockers contact the floor at only two points, giving the occupant the ability to rock back and forth by shifting their weight or pushing lightly with their feet. Rocking chairs are most commonly made of wood (*****). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Moravsk%C3%A1_galerie_02_-_Thonet-Mundus_k%C5%99eslo.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Karin_larsson_schommelstoel.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Ackerman_farmer.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sm4828zjYUA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRp_qOTmpTA
· Weaver = (noun) A person who weaves fabric e.g., In Kanchipuram, a center of silk weaving, male weavers alone were recognized by the government cooperatives./// A songbird of tropical Africa and Asia, related to the sparrows and building elaborately woven nests. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Women_weaving_in_Beni_Hassan_tomb_%28%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%95%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Rug-weaving%2C_Hamadan.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Lesser_Masked_Weaver_RWD.jpg/300px-Lesser_Masked_Weaver_RWD.jpg /// A person who weaves fabric.
· Manor (pronounced ˈmanə) = (noun) a large country house with lands.// The principal house of a landed estate. See https://harlaxton.evansville.edu/manor/images/features/manorSW.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/SchlossBasedowSee.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/MateusPalace1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Markenfield_Hall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_466747.jpg
· Manure (pronounced məˈnjʊə) = (noun) animal dung used for fertilizing a land. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Hestem%C3%B8j.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/NRCSAR02028_-_Arkansas_%28239%29%28NRCS_Photo_Gallery%29.jpg and https://earthwiseradio.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Cow-Manure.jpg // e.g., Ancient farmers discovered that plant yield could be increased on a plot of land by spreading animal manure throughout./// (verb) Apply manure to land e.g., The ground should be well dug and manured.
· Pasture (pronounced ˈpɑːs.tʃə(r)) = (noun) land covered with grass and other low plants suitable for grazing animals, especially cattle or sheep. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Beverley_Minster_from_West_Pasture.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/GrazingCowsPasture.jpg and http://www.agronotec.com/hp_wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/pasture-grass-seed-pasture-seed-agronotec.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Dairy_cows_on_pasture_in_Ireland.jpg // e.g., Pasture grass./// Used to refer to a person's situation in life e.g., He has departed for the greener pastures of a corner office./// (verb) Put animals in a pasture to graze e.g., They pastured their cows in the water meadow.
· Dung (pronounced dʌng) = (noun) the excrement of animals; manure; crap. See (elephant) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Elephant_feces_in_the_wildlife.jpg and (horse) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Badaia_-_Heces_de_caballo_02.jpg // e.g., The scent of dung from the nearby manure pile also makes it difficult to breathe./// (verb) Drop or spread dung on a piece of ground e.g., ‘Avoid dunging ground that you plan to use for carrots and parsnips.’
· Excrement (pronounced ˈek.skrə.mənt) = (noun) waste matter discharged from the bowels; feces. See (elephant) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Elephant_feces_in_the_wildlife.jpg and (horse) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Badaia_-_Heces_de_caballo_02.jpg and (human) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Human_Feces.jpg // e.g., The disease can spread on contact with body fluids such as blood, urine, excrement, vomit and saliva.
· Blimp = (noun) a small nonrigid airship. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Goodyear-blimp.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a3/Blank_ship_in_Flight.JPG and http://bloximages.newyork1.vip.townnews.com/fredericknewspost.com/content/tncms/assets/v3/editorial/b/ac/bac42c04-5b9d-59d8-82b4-a784552f4c28/524110278823f.image.jpg
· Herring = (noun) small fish rich in omega 3 fatty acid. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Clupea_harengus_Gervais.flipped.jpg and http://www.talkingfish.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Catch_of_Atlantic_herring.jpg For a school (= group of fish swimming in the same direction in a coordinated manner *****) of herrings See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Herringramkils.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Heringsschwarm.gif
· Paddle = (noun) oar; a short pole with a broad blade at one or both ends, used without a rowlock to move a small boat or canoe through the water. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Raft_paddle.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Women_C-4_Canadian_cropped.jpg and http://rubberboats.com/templates/rubberboats.com/prodimages/french_boat_oars.jpg /// (verb) Row gently; move through the water in a boat using a paddle or paddles e.g., He paddled along the coast.// e.g., He was teaching trainees to paddle canoes.
· Disclosure = (noun) The action of making new or secret information known. Synonym = revelation.// e.g., A judge ordered the disclosure of the government documents.// e.g., Any public disclosure of this information would be very damaging to the company (^^^ for the last example).
· Cupboard = Wardrobe = closet (US English)
· Come out of the closet = (phrase) To tell your family, friends, or the public you are gay, after previously keeping this secret (^^)(My comment: if you are not, then you remain ‘in the closet’ = a gay person who has not told anyone of his/her sexual orientation).
· Dumpster = Garbage collector = (noun) a very large container for rubbish; a skip.
· Resonance (pronounced ˈrɛz(ə)nəns) (the verb is resonate) = (noun) the quality in a sound of being deep, full, and reverberating e.g., The resonance of her voice./// The power to evoke enduring images, memories, and emotions e.g., The concepts lose their emotional resonance./// The condition in which an electric circuit or device produces the largest possible response to an applied oscillating signal e.g., The conditions under which resonance can be observed are quite specific.
· Resonate (pronounced ˈrez.(ə)n.eɪt) = (verb; no object) produce or be filled with a deep, full, reverberating sound e.g., The sound of the siren resonated across the harbor.// e.g., He whispered in a deep voice that resonated in Samantha’s ears./// Evoke images, memories, and emotions e.g., The words resonate with so many different meanings.// e.g., We hold these values dear to our hearts because they resonate with strong emotional ties./// (US English) (of an idea or action) meet with agreement e.g., The judge’s ruling resonated among many of the women.// e.g., Some of his ideas resonate closely with the contemporary consensus of critical biblical scholars./// (technical) Produce electrical or mechanical resonance e.g., The crystal resonates at 13 MHz.
· Reverberation = (noun) Prolongation of a sound; resonance e.g., Electronic effects have been added, such as echo and reverberation. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ssGj65U2F8 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PR-vAD3oPt4 /// A continuing effect; a repercussion e.g., The attack has had reverberations around the world.
· Apace (pronounced əˈpeɪs) = (adverb) (literary) swiftly, quickly e.g., Work continues apace.// e.g., There was no hard landing, and housing construction continued apace.
· Ox (also known as a bullock in Australia and India) (plural: oxen) = (noun) A domesticated bovine animal kept for milk or meat; a castrated bull, or in some cases a cow or an intact bull. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Traditional_Farming_Methods_and_Equipments.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Sixten.jpg // e.g., The beef cows and oxen were kept in the pasture further from the cottage.
· Broom = a long-handled brush of bristles or twigs, used for sweeping. See http://www.arrowbrush.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Kiddies-toy-broom.jpg For broom with bristles See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Banaue_Philippines_Handmade-brooms-01.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Broom_%28PSF%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/BroomsforSale.jpg
· Groom = a bridegroom, i.e., a man who is about to get married or has just got married e.g., The bride and groom walked down the aisle together (^^).
· Bristle = (noun) A short stiff hair, typically one of those on an animal's skin, a man's face, or a plant. For pig bristle See https://i1.wp.com/bakersgreenacres.com/wp-content/uploads/Pictures/Osabaw-Pig-300x252.png?resize=300%2C252 For pig bristle brush See http://imgusr.tradekey.com/o-B4834119-20101116021610/chinese-boiled-pig-bristle.jpg For bristle hair (and beard) See http://suavegrooming.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Depositphotos_87953926_original.jpg For bristle brush See http://www.petmountain.com/photos/product/giant/114420S504414/dog-grooming-brushes/coastal-safari-bristle-brush.jpg and for a bristle beard brush See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/27/7a/70/277a70d85b0368fd407a12cba2bfd21f.jpg // For broom with bristles See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Banaue_Philippines_Handmade-brooms-01.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Broom_%28PSF%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/BroomsforSale.jpg // e.g., 'I haven't shaved for the day, so short bristles of my beard pepper my chin.'/// (verb) (of hair or fur) Stand upright away from the skin, especially in anger or fear. See https://whyevolutionistrue.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/images.jpg?w=259&h=194 and https://assets1.cdn-mw.com/mw/images/article/art-wap-article-main/hirsute-3334-80173dd81de8a6d91bb564761e8fe659@1x.jpg and https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a3/00/3b/a3003b1d1bf9f1ec3b17c7ce9d5d571e.jpg // e.g., The hair on the back of his neck bristled./// Be covered with or abundant in e.g., The roof bristled with antennas.
· Lathe (pronounced leɪth) = (noun) a machine for shaping wood, metal, or other material using a rotating drive which turns the piece being worked on against changeable cutting tools. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Kent_USA_CSM-1440NC.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Woodlathe.JPG and (old type) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Lathe.PNG and https://www.tormach.com/uploads/images/Gallery/products/pcnc1100/PCNC1100_Options_Duality_Lathe/dulaity_lathe/30689_DualityLathe_lrg.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XXpOwsD0fWM
· Cloak = (noun) an outdoor overgarment, typically sleeveless, that hangs loosely from the shoulders. Synonym = cape.// See http://cdn.obsidianportal.com/images/826726/cloak-of-weaponry.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Cloak.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Couple_cloak_Louvre_G99.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Fashion_Plate_Manteau_1823.jpg // e.g., Though cloaks were standard dress from the 1st century AD, wool or linen clothes have not survived from Roman Britain.
· Surf / surfing
· Serf (not to be confused with ‘surf’) = (noun) an agricultural laborer bound by the feudal system who was tied to working on his lord’s estate. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Costumes_of_Slaves_or_Serfs_from_the_Sixth_to_the_Twelfth_Centuries.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Reeve_and_Serfs.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEghicZKEVI // e.g., Because many landlords had lost their serfs, the lords relaxed ancient obligations and duties.
· Serfdom = (mass noun) The state of being a serf or feudal laborer. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Costumes_of_Slaves_or_Serfs_from_the_Sixth_to_the_Twelfth_Centuries.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Reeve_and_Serfs.jpg and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEghicZKEVI // e.g., The liberation of the peasants from serfdom.
· Meadow = (noun) a piece of grassland, especially one used for hay. See http://kingofwallpapers.com/meadow/meadow-016.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Blumenwiese_bei_Obermaiselstein05.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Kirschbaumbluete_in_Neidlingen_02.jpg
· Hay = (noun) grass that has been mown and dried for use as fodder. See http://www.atascaderohayandfeed.com/images/orchardgrasshay.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/GrassHay1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/HorsesAndHay.jpg For a hay ball See http://www.feedworks.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/hay1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Roundbale2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Round_hay_bale_at_dawn02.jpg
· Fodder (pronounced ˈfä-dər) = (noun) food, especially dried hay or feed, for cattle and other livestock. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Fodder_factory02.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/African_boy_transporting_fodder_by_bicycle_edit.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Round_hay_bale_at_dawn02.jpg and https://d2q0qd5iz04n9u.cloudfront.net/_ssl/proxy.php/http/gallery.mailchimp.com/01f501bfa00394fba6af62a42/images/DSCN4506.JPG
· Barbecue = BBQ (abbreviation) = Barbie (informal; UK & Australian English (As an Aussie guy I never use this term as it reminds me the doll)).
· Skewer (or spit) = (noun) a long, thin metal rod pushed through a meat in order to hold and turn it while it is roasted over an open fire. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Chenjeh1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Fruits_brochette_with_warm_chocolate.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Seafood_skewers.jpg and https://cdn.charbroil.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/1000x1000/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/2/1/2184152-chrome-skewer-set_4-piece_1.jpg and http://ghk.h-cdn.co/assets/cm/15/11/550079792971a-ghk-fire-wire-flexible-grilling-skewer-grill-tools-mdn.jpg For a whole lamp on a skewer See https://www.sheblogs.eu/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/greek-easter.jpg
· MSM (men who have sex with men) = a more formal (e.g., in medical articles) term for gay men (dated original meaning of ‘gay’ = happy!) (My comment: the word ‘queer’ may be offensive)
· Stall = stand. See https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/3a/6d/09/3a6d09b69b2b8f5b147fd123ba639c6e.jpg For a market stall See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Greek_sponges.JPG
· Wind (pronounced wʌɪnd) (wind – wound - wound) (not to be confused with ‘wind’ that is pronounced wɪnd (= air current)) down = (phrasal verb) (of a mechanism, especially one operated by clockwork) Gradually lose power./// (Usually as Wind down) (informal) (of a person) Relax after stress or excitement e.g., ‘I sank into a hot bath in order to wind down.’// e.g., ‘When I go on holidays, it takes me the first couple of days just to wind down (^^^ for this example)./// Draw or bring gradually to a close e.g., Business began to wind down as people awaited the new regime./// To end gradually or in stages, or to cause something to do this e.g., The government intends to wind the scheme down in early fall (= autumn in US English)./// (for a business or organization) The amount of work it does is gradually reduced until it closes completely e.g., They are winding down their operations abroad because they are losing money (^^ for the last 2 meanings).
· Desktop (1 word). See http://computerfixcanada.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/desktop-computer1.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Dell_Inspiron_One_23_Touch_AIO_Desktop_PC.png
· Blacksmith (or ironsmith) = (noun) a person who makes and repairs things in iron by hand. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Kov%C3%A1%C5%99_p%C5%99i_pr%C3%A1ci_%28Velikono%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_trhy_na_V%C3%A1clavsk%C3%A9m_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD%29_055.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/3_tourist_helping_artist_blacksmith_in_finland.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Australian_blacksmith.jpg and https://sites.google.com/site/grapevineblacksmith/_/rsrc/1396261974606/home/willfraryhorseshoeanvil.jpg (‘Smith’ is also a common British surname; obviously related to the occupation of predecessor).
· Predecessor (pronounced ˈpriːdɪsɛsə or ˈpred.ə.ses.ɚ in US English) (with the meaning ‘one that precedes) = (noun) one that precedes; especially a person who has previously occupied a position or office to which another has succeeded./// (archaic) ancestor./// Examples: Today’s computers are much faster than their predecessors were.// The once-ubiquitous typewriter was the predecessor of today's electronic keyboard (***)./// A person who held a job or office before the current holder e.g., The new President's foreign policy is very similar to that of his predecessor.// e.g., The current York City chairman and his predecessor are very different men./// A thing that has been followed or replaced by another e.g., The chapel was built in 1864 on the site of its predecessor.
· Fleece = (noun) the woolly covering of a sheep or goat. See http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2015/09/03/01/2BEBC9F800000578-3220414-image-a-28_1441240625992.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Wool_fleece_and_top.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Wool_fleece_and_top.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Royal_Winter_Fair_Wool_2.jpg
· Badger = (noun) a heavily built omnivorous nocturnal mammal of the weasel family, typically having a gray and black coat. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Badger-badger.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/AmericanBadger.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/The_Wind_in_the_Willows.PNG and http://www.livescience.com/images/i/000/055/811/original/badger.jpg? and http://vignette1.wikia.nocookie.net/simanimalsadventures/images/d/d6/Ac5f4776e2fe477d5d1302220776bbeb.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20170116184310
· Herbivore (= an animal that eats only plants) (vs) Carnivore (= an animal that eats meat) (e.g., a lion; some say that dogs are rather omnivorous animals!) (vs) Omnivore (= that is naturally able to eat both plants and meat) (such as human!) (vs) Insectivore (= an animal that eats only insects) (My comment: but there also a plant that devours insects called Venus flytrap! See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7eQKSf0LmY and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z5fOsgrAJiU )
· Ribbon = (noun) a long, narrow strip of fabric, used especially for tying something or for decoration. See http://thewaxingpotandspa.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/ribbon-and-bow.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Scrummy_ribbons_by_Lainey_Powell.jpg For ribbon hair See http://www.bluemaize.net/im/hair/ribbon-hair-2.jpg
· Parsnip = (noun) A long tapering cream-colored root vegetable with a sweet flavor. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/PastinakePflanzegeerntet.jpg/220px-PastinakePflanzegeerntet.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Pastinaca_sativa_Sturm28.jpg // e.g., Roasted parsnips./// (mass noun) A puree of celeriac and parsnip./// (as modifier) e.g., Parsnip wine./// The Eurasian plant of the parsley family which yields parsnips.
· Pheasant = (noun) a large long-tailed game bird native to Asia, the male of which typically has very showy plumage. See http://dreamstop.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/pheasant-dream.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Pheasant.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Catreus_wallichii.jpg
· Grouse = (noun) a small fat bird shot for sport and food. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/SageGrouse21.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Bonasa-umbellus-001edit1.jpg
· Plumage (pronounced ˈpluːmɪdj) = (mass noun) A bird's feathers collectively. See https://holykaw.alltop.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/45502557-media_httpfarm6static_qaiEv.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Guiraca_caeruleaAAP086CB.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Blue_male_budgie.jpg // e.g., The male in full breeding plumage. (My comment: you may all recall the plumage of peacock)
· Fortnight = 15 days
· Showy = (adjective) Having a striking appearance or style, typically by being excessively bright, colorful, or ostentatious e.g., Showy flowers.// e.g., She wore a great deal of showy costume jewelry.
· Jargon = (noun) (usually disapproving) special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand./// (My comment as a medic: As a doctor, I often use ‘medical jargon’) e.g., Legal jargon./// A translucent, colorless, or smoky gem variety of zircon ((pronounced ˈzəːk(ə)n) = a mineral occurring as prismatic crystals) e.g., In India today the jargon is sold as a stone which protects the wearer from poison and evil spirits.
· Bolster (bolster pillow) = (noun) a long, thick pillow that is placed under other pillows for support. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Bolst.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/BolsterPillow.jpg and http://hgtvhome.sndimg.com/content/dam/images/hgtv/fullset/2013/5/1/1/original_Marian-Parsons-Bolster-Pillow-Beauty1.jpg.rend.hgtvcom.1280.960.jpeg and http://www.bolster.net/wp-content/blogs.dir/6/files/2011/11/Bolster.jpg /// (verb) Support or strengthen; prop up e.g., The fall in interest rates is starting to bolster confidence.
· Boot (with meaning other than the type of shoe) = (noun) (UK English – in US English is called ‘trunk’) A covered space at the back of a car, for storing things in. For a car boot See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/1931_Ford_Model_A_roadster_rear.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/2010_Porsche_Boxster_Spyder_%285217139071%29.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/1965_Rambler_Classic_660_4-d_blue-white_VA-t.jpg and http://www.boot-buddy.com/files/images/home-car%202(1)(1).jpg and http://www.trendzcar.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/2013-Subaru-BRZ-Boot-Trunk.jpg /// Boot up = (verb) Start a computer./// Boot camp = (US English) A place for training soldiers. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Marine_Corps_Platoon.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Instructional_Training_exercises_at_RTC_Great_Lakes.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/USCG_Basic_Training.jpg /// A place for young criminals that is used instead of prison, and is similar to a place where soldiers are trained (^^). See http://xcelfit.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/xcel-fitness-bootcamp.jpg and http://www.bootcamp.com.my/images/ex6.jpg /// Fitness boot camp (*****).
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· Wicket door or gate = (noun) a small door or gate, especially one beside or in a larger one. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Barn_door_-_geograph.org.uk_-_412063.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Alsfeld-Neurathhaus-Tor_der_Einfahrt.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Burg_Friedestrom_Suedtor_02.jpg and https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/39/eb/64/39eb64003a19335697723f12aca725fb.jpg and http://www.avondoors.co.uk/img/product_view_main/assets/userfiles/avondoors.co.uk/products/e_22-1.jpg
· Buckle (or clasp) = (noun) a flat, typically rectangular frame with a hinged pin, used for joining the ends of a belt or strap. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Soelja.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Chape_et_boucle_ceinture_Lastours.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Sprz%C4%85czki_pas%C3%B3w_g%C3%B3rali_karpackich.jpg and http://ep.yimg.com/ay/yhst-67364408650159/4010e-np-reversible-0clamp-belt-buckle-fit-s-1-1-8-30mm-wide-belt-27.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Chape_et_boucle_ceinture_Lastours.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Sprz%C4%85czki_pas%C3%B3w_g%C3%B3rali_karpackich.jpg // e.g., Belt buckle.
· Prick = (noun) An act of piercing something with a fine, sharp point.// For pin prick See https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimjADWw58w62t2qg8jUL6MSLN3cEFYJj3e17gjw0EpFQD8BRJKhVA5nHy9VVUcN4TEPUu-vi-MXq3NxDVY1B37PiEk8w5Gt2AUez3v7d-30ZCvYSfnoQRwoArSJKiBOgS9lRwWmDP-Go4/s1600/pin+prick.png and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yERSYlRpnh4 and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atOI5c_uNIs For needles used to prick suspected witches and so to determine their guilt See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Witch-pricking_Needles00.gif // e.g., The pinprick had produced a drop of blood./// (verb) Make a small hole in something with a sharp point; pierce slightly e.g., ‘Prick the potatoes with a fork.’/// (especially of a horse or dog) Make the ears stand erect when on the alert. For prick ears of a dog See https://media1.popsugar-assets.com/files/thumbor/QU1JbbcH5vfMUZOOLowUfmgZV_M/fit-in/1024x1024/filters:format_auto-!!-:strip_icc-!!-/2010/04/14/4/192/1922243/97485409/i/Prick-Ears.jpg // e.g., The dog’s tail was wagging and her ears were pricked.///
· Shingles = (noun) (medicine) Herpes zoster (= a painful acute inflammation of the nerve ganglia, with a skin eruption, often forming a girdle around the middle of the body caused by the same virus as chickenpox (VZV)). See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Herpes_zoster_neck.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Shingles.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Herpes_zoster_chest.png and http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/health_tools/shingles_slideshow/phototake_rm_photo_of_shingles_on_torso.jpg /// A mass of small rounded pebbles (= small, smooth round stones found on a beach or in a river ), especially on a seashore. For shingle beach See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Valuga_Beach.png /// A rectangular tile of asphalt composite, wood, metal, or slate used on walls or roofs. For roofing shingles See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Zakopane-schronisko-2.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Faster_wear_of_asphalt_shingles_along_eaves.JPG and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Failure_of_asphalt_shingles_allowing_roof_leakage.JPG and https://dcpd6wotaa0mb.cloudfront.net/owenscorning.com/assets/roofing/woodcrestshingles-819c0e70a76bf1238f53c0bba9105ff57b8563d81d064bc480f306b5897d08ee.jpg For roof wood shingles See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Tejuelas_Chilotas.png and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Shakeroof.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/2016_Mi%C4%99dzylesie%2C_ul._Sobieskiego_2-4_03.jpg // e.g., ‘Remove enough of the roof shingles, tiles, gravel, or other roofing material down to the tar paper.’/// A woman's short haircut in which the hair tapers from the back of the head to the nape of the neck. (My comment: it is old-fashioned!) For a shingle hairstyle See http://www.photodetective.co.uk/jpegs/Shingle-3.jpg /// A small signboard, especially one found outside a doctor's or lawyer's office. For a law office shingle See http://chentranlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Sign-CT_-Law.jpg // e.g. This is my only reason for justifying the shingle hanging outside in the boulevard.
· Buoy (pronounced bɔɪ) = (noun) an anchored float serving as a navigation mark, to show reefs or other hazards, or for mooring. See https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/NOAA-NDBC-discus-buoy.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Buoy_seal.jpg
· The police (not police's) spokesman
· The right to bear (= to have, to hold) guns
· Same-sex marriages
· What I stand for
· Aboriginal – Aborigines
· Across
· Stereotypical (not ‘stereotypic’)
· On a daily basis
· Youth – youthful
· Soya (or soy)
· Souvenir
· Sailing = yacht racing
· Work permit
· Flip/ toss a coin
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